Comparison of Zinc Roofed House Temperature Distribution between
Open Water Exhausted With Radiator Cooling System
Rosdi Ab Rahman
1,a
, Masiri Kaamin
2,b
, Mahmod Abd Hakim Mohamad
3,c
,
Azizul Rahman Abd Aziz
4,d
and Mohd Hadri Mohamed Nor
5,e
1,2,3,4,5
Pusat Pengajian Diploma, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu
Pahat, Johor.
a
rosdi@uthm.edu.my,
b
masiri@uthm.edu.my,
c
hakim@uthm.edu.my,
d
azizulaz@uthm.edu.my,
e
hadri@uthm.edu.my
Keywords: Thermal comfort, Cooling systems, Water circulation, Airflow, Radiator, Heat transfer.
Abstract. Thermal condition of a house is one of the comfort factors. Traditionally, village houses
in Malaysia uses corrugated zinc roofing due to economic reason. Considering the thermal
conductivities of the material, space under the roof coverage will intent to occur thermal discomfort
due to Malaysian ambient temperature. The roof plays an important role to ensure the house is in a
state insulated from the hot sun and rain where the zinc roofing will radiated by the sun in noon and
yet become the heat source for in-house area. Thermal discomfort will result due to zinc highly heat
absorbing material property. The space under the covering will experience significant temperature
increase proportional to the amount of supplied heat from sunlight radiated to the zinc roof, and will
further be aggravated if ventilation is poor. The purpose of this study is to compare the temperature
distribution by two alternatives methods to reduce the temperature inside a zinc-covered house. The
main concept of this cooling system is by splashing water throughout the area of the zinc roofing,
where heat exchange process will occur upon contact. The process will dissipate heat from the zinc
and will increase the water temperature. This research is focusing on the medium (water) re-cooling
process by either open water exhausted or radiator system to state that which one will give better
heat exchange. Open water exhausted system heated water will then free fall by gravity into a tank
through perforated tube as water droplets. To facilitate higher rate of water-cooling, fan will be
provided. Another re-cooling system is the radiator system, which use radiator device to cool down
the heated water. Radiator use coolant as the medium to exchange the heat from the roof heated
water. By the same heat transfer process, the circulated water temperature will be lower where,
which will be recirculation back to the roof. Both systems had been compared about the differences
of temperature drop distribution which result the better water re-cooling system.
Introduction
Thermal comfort as defined by ASHRAE Standard 55 is that condition of mind which expresses
satisfaction with the thermal environment. In other words, it describes a person’s psychological state
of mind and is usually referred to in terms of whether someone is feeling too hot or too cold. In
controlling the thermal comfort to some acceptable level, an alternative cost effective cooling
system for corrugated zinc roofing is develop, using circulated water as cooling agent.
The corrugated zinc sheet is one of the popular methods used to make roofing for majority of
dwellers in traditional Malay rural community as it has the advantage of being cost effective where
it is cheaper, easy to construct and durable [11]. However, it also has its own drawback when
thermal comfort in the living space covered by the roof is sacrificed. This happens because zinc will
efficiently absorb thermal radiation from sunlight and then radiates it down into the living space.
[12]. This problem will strengthen if the house does not have proper ventilation as the heat will
retained inside. Coupled with global warming effect which already increases ambient temperature
higher than normal, the level of thermal discomfort will be unbearable especially in the afternoon
[1].
Applied Mechanics and Materials Submitted: 2014-08-01
ISSN: 1662-7482, Vols. 773-774, pp 1178-1183 Accepted: 2015-01-19
doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.773-774.1178 Online: 2015-07-15
© 2015 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland
This is an open access article under the CC-BY 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)