0016-7622/2013-82-5-575/$ 1.00 © GEOL. SOC. INDIA
JOURNAL GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF INDIA
Vol.82, November 2013, pp.575-582
Pre-conditioning Factors and Susceptibility Assessments of
Wenchuan Earthquake Landslide at the Zhouqu Segment
of Bailongjiang Basin, China
SHIBIAO BAI
1
, QIANG XU
2
, JIAN WANG
1
and PINGGEN ZHOU
3
1
College of Geographical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environments (National
Education Administration), Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210046 (China)
2
State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu Iniversity of
Technology, Chengdu 610059, China;
3
China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, Beijing, China
Email: shibiaobai21@163.com
Abstract: In this study, we present a landslide susceptibility assessment carried out after the devastating 2008 Wenchuan
earthquake. For the Zhouqu segment in the Bailongjiang basin in north-western China landslide susceptibility was
computed by a logistic regression method. This region has been experiencing landslides for a long time, and numerous
additional slope failures were triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. The data used for this study consists of slope
failures attributed to the 2008 earthquake, the 878 post Wenchuan earthquake landslides and collapses inventory build
up by combination the field investigation, monoscopic manual interpretation, image classification and texture analysis
using SPOT 5 and ALOS remote-sensing image data. All data derived from remote sensing images are validated during
field investigations. The landslide pre-disposing factor database was constructed. A digital elevation model (DEM) with
a 30 x 30 m resolution, orthophotos, geological and land-use maps and information on peak ground acceleration data
from the 2008 earthquake is used. The statistical analysis of the relation between Wencuan earthquake-triggered landslides
and pre-disposing factors show the great influence of lithological and topographical conditions for earthquake-triggered
slope failures. The quality of susceptibility mapping was validated by splitting the study area into a training and validation
set. The prediction capability analysis showed that the landslide susceptibility map could be used for land planning as
well as emergency planning by local authorities in this region.
Keywords Landslide susceptibility, Wenchuan earthquake, Zhouqu segment, China.
Landslide susceptibility is a quantitative or qualitative
assessment of the classification, volume (or area), and spatial
distribution of landslides which exist or potentially may
occur in an area. Susceptibility may also include a
description of the velocity and intensity of the existing or
potential landslide (Fell et al. 2008). Both qualitative and
quantitative methods have been used in the processes of
creating landslide-susceptibility maps (Soeters and van
Westen, 1996; Aleotti and Chowdhury, 1999; Guzzetti
et al. 1999). The qualitative method was widely used during
the late 1970s by engineering geologists and geo-
morphologists. The quantitative methods, however, became
popular in the last few decades largely because of its
numerical expressions of the relationship between
controlling factors and landslides, assisted by the advances
in computer and geographic information system (GIS)
technology (Guzzetti et al. 2005; van Westen et al. 2008;
Bai et al. 2010b).
The purpose of this study is to analyse the relation
INTRODUCTION
Nationwide the landslide related direct and indirect
economic losses account for more than 2 billion euros every
year (Hu and Tang, 2005). The Zhouqu-Wudu segment of
the Bailongjiang basin in northwestern of China with a total
area of 8,917 km² lies in the middle south of the west wing
of Qinling orogen. It is controlled by Qinghai-Tibet tectonic
belt and Wudu arc structure, and affected by uplift of the
Qinghai-Tibet plateau. This segment is located in the Qinling
mountains, and is surrounded by three major geomorphic
units, namely, the Qinghai-Tibet plateau, the Loess plateau
and the Sichuan basin. Because of its geophysical conditions,
the Bailongjiang basin is one of the most severely affected
regions in China by landslide (Scheidegger and Ai, 1987).
There are more than 2,000 medium and large scale landslides
(volume is greater than 3 × 10
4
m
3
) within the Wudu and
Zhouqu segment. In addition to the soft and erodable
lithologic formations, the area is tectonically active, and has
been frequently experiencing earthquakes.