Citation: Rashid A. Study on Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy Model by Applying Transverse
Aortic Constriction and O-ring Ascending Aortic Banding Technique: A Comparative Analysis. Ann Surg Perioper
Care. 2020; 5(1): 1043.
Ann Surg Perioper Care - Volume 5 Issue 1 - 2020
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Rashid. © All rights are reserved
Annals of Surgery and Perioperative Care
Open Access
Abstract
Left-ventricular cardiac hypertrophy is a well-established precursor of heart
failure with the ominous prognosis. To develop the surgical procedure that can
easily and effciently replicate this condition is too critical, and is signifcantly
important for the better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms
associated with this vascular disease. Constriction of the aorta in mice is a
highly accepted method for the creation of pressure overload-induced cardiac
hypertrophy model. The two microsurgical procedures available for the
successful development of the disease model are aortic constriction at the level
of transverse aorta and o-ring aortic banding using the ascending aorta. The
transverse aortic constriction has many advantages over the other available
technique which is signifcantly highlighted in this paper. Using transverse
aorta, though the degree of constriction is widely dependent on the diameter
of the gauge needle. Our main purpose is to establish a comparison between
these two surgical procedures to highlight the highly reproducible and precise
method to study the mechanism of the disease progression as well as cardiac
remodeling.
leads to the development of this condition, and it also mimics the
similar condition in humans which results in the chronic systemic
hypertension or aortic stenosis [4].
Tere are three diferent positions for the creation of aortic
constriction, these are descending aorta, ascending aorta and
transverse aorta [6]. Among this, one of the most common surgical
models of heart failure and pressure overload-induced cardiac
hypertrophy, is the constriction at the level of the transverse aorta
which is widely known as Transverse Aortic Constriction (TAC).
Tus, for the successful creation of pressure overload in the lef
ventricle, constriction on a permanent basis around the transverse
part of the aorta must be achieved which further limits the blood
outfow towards the lef ventricle [3-5]. TAC can produce cardiac
diastolic and systolic dysfunction and long-term progression to heart
failure in addition to cardiac remodeling efects such as fbrosis and
hypertrophy [4].
Te other method used for the development of the disease in
mice is the ascending aortic constriction through o-rings with fxed
inner diameters which is known as O-Ring Aortic Banding (ORAB).
Hence, our aim is to compare two most important aortic constriction
methods to highlight the highly reproducible and precise method to
study the mechanism of the disease progression as well as cardiac
remodeling.
Methodology
Latest reports indicate a substantial association between ethnic
backgrounds or race and the hypertrophy development, which
Introduction
Vascular diseases are the major cause of mortality and morbidity
and associated with high societal costs [1]. Te understanding
of the pathological mechanism’s underlying cardiovascular
remodeling; although critical but essential for the development of
innovative therapies for vascular diseases [2]. At the frst phase of
this pathological cardiac remodeling process, the heart undergoes
hypertrophic growth through each myocytes enlargement which does
not afect the normal function of the heart. Te main purpose of this
remodeling is to enhance the cardiac pump function [3]. However,
the continued stress would lead to the fbrosis and enlargement of the
heart chamber.
Reproducibility is expected in research related to heart diseases,
and validity, and accuracy, is of great concern [2]. It is well established
that related conduits control the vasculature and heart development
in mice and humans. Terefore, preclinical studies continue to rely
heavily on mouse models and thus these models are useful both for
the development of drugs with the study of mechanism [4]. Since the
heart has a negligible capacity of regeneration, most form of cardiac
injury ultimately results in fbrosis development [2-4]. Te further
development of novel and innovative techniques would also highlight
major steps forward in the modeling of vascular diseases.
In cardiovascular research, surgically induced models of heart
failure are widely used. Constriction of the aorta is a well-recognized
method for lef ventricular hypertrophy induction in mice [5]. As
in the lef ventricular chamber, increased blood pressure ultimately
Review Article
Study on Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac
Hypertrophy Model by Applying Transverse Aortic
Constriction and O-ring Ascending Aortic Banding
Technique: A Comparative Analysis
Anas Rashid*
School of Medicine (Vascular Surgery), University of
Turin, Turin, Italy
*Corresponding author: Anas Rashid (Vascular
Surgery), Graduate School of Medical Science and
Engineering, College of Life Science and Bioengineering,
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology,
Daejeon, Republic of Korea
Received: June 27, 2020; Accepted: October 17, 2020;
Published: October 24, 2020