© 2018 International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 83
Development and investigation of novel solid
self‑nanoemulsifying system loaded with
hydrochlorothiazide for the treatment of hypertension
Akhilesh Dubey, Amitha Shetty
1
, G. S. Ravi, Manan Christian Kiritkumar
1
, Prabhakara Prabhu
1
, Srinivas Hebbar,
Sally A. El‑Zahaby
2
Department of Pharmaceutcs, NGSM Insttute of Pharmaceutcal Sciences, Nite (Deemed to be University),
1
Department of
Pharmaceutcs, Shree Devi College of Pharmacy, Mangalore, Karnataka, India,
2
Department of Pharmaceutcs and Pharmaceutcal
Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
INTRODUCTION
Delivering drugs via oral route represents the most widely
and convenient route being the easiest in administration,
the most compliant for the patient, in addition to, the
possibility to design many dosage forms. Moreover, it is
the most economical, especially that, it is characterized
by the least sterility constraints. However, the major
challenge with the formulation of oral dosage forms
lies with their poor oral bioavailability. Various factors
such as poor aqueous solubility, lower drug permeability,
Objective: The present study was aimed at formulating and evaluating a novel solid self-nano emulsifying drug
delivery system (SNEDDS) to increase the solubility and bioavailability of hydrochlorothiazide (HCZ). Enhancing
both solubility and bioavailability of drugs remain the cornerstone for achieving successful outcomes of delivery
systems. Furthermore, employing nanotechnology-based formulations such as SNEDDS offers important
advantage; the most important is the protection of the drug from enzymatic or chemical degradation.
Materials and Methods: Liquid SNEDDS (L-SNEDDS) was prepared by adding a drug to oil, surfactant, and
co-surfactant and heated up to at 60°C under continuous stirring. Solid SNEDDS (S-SNEDDS) was prepared
by mixing L-SNEDDS with microcrystalline cellulose in 1:1 proportion.
Results: The scanning electron microscopy showed that S-SNEDDS was spherical with an average particle
size of 66.9 nm and 69.2 nm for both L-SNEDDS and S-SNEDDS, respectively. Ex vivo skin permeation study
indicated that 100% drug was released from both the L-SNEDDS and S-SNEDDS formulation SF3 in 3 h.
Analysis of variance test showed significant differences (Moderately significant P < 0.01) in the values when
compared to a marketed product.
Conclusion: The prepared S-SNEDDS helped in improving the solubility of the poorly soluble HCZ, which
is a step forward toward bioavailability enhancement and thus increased therapeutic efficacy of the drug.
Keywords: Ex vivo, hydrochlorothiazide, self-nanoemulsifying system, solubility, surfactant
Address for correspondence: Dr. Akhilesh Dubey, Department of Pharmaceutcs, NGSM Insttute of Pharmaceutcal Sciences, Nite
(Deemed to be University), Mangalore ‑ 575 018, Karnataka, India.
E‑mail: akhilesh@nite.edu.in
How to cite this article: Dubey A, Shetty A, Ravi GS, Kiritkumar MC,
Prabhu P, Hebbar S, et al. Development and investigation of novel solid self-
nanoemulsifying system loaded with hydrochlorothiazide for the treatment
of hypertension. Int J Pharma Investig 2018;8:83-91.
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DOI:
10.4103/jphi.JPHI_29_18
Original Research Article
Abstract