Clinics of Oncology
Review Article
ISSN: 2640-1037
Volume 3
COVID-19: More Tan A Lung Infection
Shiha G
1,2, *
, Mousa N
3
, Abdel-Razik A
3
, Elhammady D
3
, Elshennawy H
4
, El-Farrash M
5,6
, Mousa E
7
, Taha A
8
, El-bendary M
3
and
Eslam M
9
1
Departments of Internal Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
2
Egyptian Liver Research Institute and Hospital (ELRIH), Sherbin, Mansoura University, Egypt
3
Departments of Tropical Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
4
Departments of Internal Medicine, National Liver Institute, Egypt
5
Department of Microbiology, Mansoura University, Egypt
6
Horus University, Egypt
7
Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt
8
Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, Egypt
9
Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
Received: 17 Oct 2020
Accepted: 03 Nov 2020
Published: 08 Nov 2020
Copyright:
©2020 Shiha G et al. Tis is an open access article dis-
tributed under the terms of the Creative Commons
Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use,
distribution, and build upon your work non-commer-
cially.
Citation:
Shiha G, COVID-19: More Tan A Lung Infection.
Clinics of Oncology. 2020; 3(3): 1-8.
Keywords:
Coronavirus; COVID-19; Pneumonia; Digestive system;
Cardiovascular system; Coagulopathy vascular endothelial
system
1. Abstract
COVID-19 is a new strain of Coronaviruses virus declared by the
World Health Organization (WHO) as a pandemic on March 11th,
2020. While the majority of patients with COVID-19 typically
have characteristic respiratory presentations subsequently, a large
number of patients were presented with multi-system afection,
particularly digestive system, liver, cardiovascular, cutaneous, co-
agulopathy, vascular, endothelial, central nervous, oral cavity and
renal systems. Of note the mortality and the need for mechanical
ventilation were higher in old age and patients with comorbidi-
ties especially obesity, which can shif the risk of COVID-19 to a
younger age. Tis review article will attain to summarize the liter-
ature published to date concerning diferent body system afection
of COVID-19.
2. Introduction
It wasn’t until the end of December of 2019 that the World Health
Organization (WHO) was notifed of the afection of a large num-
ber of patients with an obscure form of unidentifed pneumonia in
the Chinese city of Wuhan and the Hubei region [1]. Tis severe
acute respiratory syndrome was later attributed to an original coro-
navirus namedSARS-CoV-2, [2] defned by its extensively high
communicability leading to its very rapid worldwide spread [3, 4].
Due to these factors WHO on March 11th, 2020, declared SARS-
CoV-2as a pandemic of global proportion for only the second time
in the past century afer the H1N1 infuenza pandemic [5].
Coronaviruses (CoVs) receive their name due to the presence of
surface crown-like spikes. Tese viruses form part of the Corona-
virinae subfamily, subdivided by phylogenetic clustering into α, β,
γ, and δ groups; human infection is caused by group α and βCoVs
[6]. Coronaviruses are single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses
[7], that consist of major proteins specifed as the S, or spike pro-
tein responsible for connecting to the host receptor allowing union
between the cell membrane and virus, the N (nucleocapsid) pro-
tein, the M (membrane) protein, and the E (envelope) protein [8].
Isolation of coronaviruses can occur from a number of diferent
clinicsofoncology.com 1
*
Corresponding author:
Gamal Shiha,
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,
Mansoura University, Egyptian Liver Research Institute
and Hospital (ELRIAH), Mansoura, Egypt,
Tel: +2 01223280501;
Email: g_shiha@hotmail.com