Sustainability in management
education: a Biggs’ 3P model
application
Patricia Kanashiro
Loyola University Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, and
Edson Sadao Iizuka, Caio Sousa and Suzi Elen FeRReira Dias
Centro Universitário da FEI, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil
Abstract
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the main factors that contribute to teaching and learning
sustainability in management education (SiME), which is defined as a body of knowledge that meets the
needs of both current and future generations of students.
Design/methodology/approach – The authors adopt the Biggs’ Presage–Process–Product (3P) learning
model to guide and categorize the findings from the literature review on SiME. This study provides an
overview of journal articles published between 2002 and 2017.
Findings – In the context of SiME, Biggs’ 3P model shows how teaching context and students’ background
(presage factors) influence students’ approaches to learning, which can range from surface to deep learning
(process) and result in various learning outcomes (products).
Research limitations/implications – The literature review may have excluded important and relevant
work from the sample.
Practical implications – This review highlights that personal and institutional commitments are
necessary to promote effective learning of sustainability.
Social implications – Effective learning outcomes (deep learning) in sustainability should encourage
students to reflect on their personal values and behaviors and to acquire analytical skills aimed at promoting
conservation and remediation of social, environmental and economic problems.
Originality/value – This paper provides an application of Biggs’ 3P learning model in the context of
sustainability, which highlights the conditions for deep learning as critical given the complexity and urgency
of addressing sustainability crises.
Keywords Biggs’ 3P model, Sustainability in management education, Deep learning
Paper type Literature review
1. The importance of learning sustainability in management education
The topic of sustainability in management education (SiME) has gained importance and
visibility since the United Nations declared 2005-2014 as the Decade of Education for
Sustainable Development (UNESCO, 2005). SiME is generally defined as a body of
knowledge that meets the needs of current and future generations of students (Benn and
Martin, 2010; Bradfield, 2009; Rusinko, 2010).
Learning sustainability differs significantly from learning other management subjects.
First, sustainability is a multi-dimensional subject that implies integration and
interdependence of complex and global sustainability systems (Brundiers et al., 2010; Porter
and C ordoba, 2009; Sherman and Burns, 2015; Sun et al., 2018), including organizations,
societies and biomes. Second, sustainability is concerned with solutions that use resources
with the least adverse impact on the environment, generate no or low waste and protect and
Biggs’ 3P
model
application
671
Received 31 May 2019
Revised 16 December 2019
4 March 2020
11 March 2020
Accepted 18 March 2020
International Journal of
Sustainability in Higher Education
Vol. 21 No. 4, 2020
pp. 671-684
© Emerald Publishing Limited
1467-6370
DOI 10.1108/IJSHE-05-2019-0176
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