Research Article
Mamdani-Type Fuzzy-Based Adaptive
Nonhomogeneous Synchronization
J. R. Pulido–Luna ,
1
J.A.L´ opez–Renter´ ıa ,
2
and N. R. Cazarez–Castro
1
1
Departamento de Ingenier´ ıa El´ ectrica y Electr´ onica, Tecnol´ ogico Nacional de M´ exico, Instituto Tecnol´ ogico de Tijuana,
Calzada Tecnol´ ogico S/N, Fracc, Tom´ as Aquino, Tijuana, Baja California, CP 22414, Mexico
2
CONACyT-Tecnol´ ogicoNacionaldeM´ exico,InstitutoTecnol´ ogicodeTijuana,CalzadaTecnol´ ogicoS/N,Fracc,Tom´ as Aquino,
Tijuana, Baja California, CP 22414, Mexico
CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoJ.A.L´ opez–Renter´ ıa;jorge.lopez@tectijuana.edu.mxandN.R.Cazarez–Castro;nohe@
ieee.org
Received 26 March 2021; Accepted 28 July 2021; Published 24 August 2021
AcademicEditor:ZakiaHammouch
Copyright © 2021 J. R. Pulido–Luna et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is
properly cited.
eaimofthisworkisthedesignofanadaptivecontrollerbasedonMamdani-typefuzzyinferencesystems.einputcontrolis
constructedwithsaturationfunctions’fuzzy-equivalents,whichworksastheadaptiveschemeofthecontroller.iscontrollawis
designedtostabilizetheerrorsystemtosynchronizeapairofchaoticnonhomogeneouspiecewisesystems.Finally,anillustrative
example as numerical evidence is developed.
1. Introduction
esynchronizationphenomenaamongdynamicalsystems
areawidelystudiedtopicinthelastdecadesduetothevast
amountofapplicationsinscienceandengineering[1–3].In
the related literature, dynamical systems and synchroniza-
tionapplicationsinmanyfieldscanbefound,frombiology
[4, 5], mechanical systems [6–9], chemistry [10], physics
[11,12],fuzzymodeling[13–16]tosecurecommunications
[17–19],amongmanyothers.Ingeneral,itissaidthatasetof
dynamicalsystemsachievesynchronizationiftrajectoriesin
each system approach a common trajectory.
Amongthesystemsstudiedinsynchronization,theones
that stand out are the chaotic systems; chaotic systems
exhibit more complex dynamics, and they must satisfy the
next conditions according to Devaney’s definition of chaos
[20]: (i) sensitivedependencetoinitialconditions, (ii) dense
periodic orbits, and (iii) must be transitive. Many works
consider the problem of chaos synchronization; in [21], the
authors synchronize chaotic systems by linking them with
common signals. Chua et al. [22] explore the synchroni-
zation phenomena in Chua’s circuit, proven to be the
simplest electronic circuit to exhibit chaotic behaviour; on
the contrary, Femat and Sol´ ıs-Perales [23] discuss several
phenomena involved with chaos synchronization, and a
feedback controller is implemented to illustrate such syn-
chronization. In [24], chaos synchronization between two
coupledchaoticdynamicalsystemsispresented.Conditions
for global asymptotic synchronization are presented and a
new method for the analysis of the stability of the syn-
chronization is reported, but different techniques and ap-
plicationsarestilldevelopedforthistypeofsysteminthelast
years.In[25],theauthorspresentthedesignofarule-based
controllerforaclassofmaster-slavechaossynchronization,
and unlike traditional methods, the control law obtained
from this method has less maximum magnitude of the
control signal and reduces the actuator saturation phe-
nomenon in mechanical systems. AL-Azzawi and Aziz [26]
presentthesynchronizationbetweentwononhomogeneous
hyperchaoticsystems.Anonlinearcontrolisusedtoachieve
synchronization and also report a stability analysis of the
error dynamics system using Lyapunov’s second method
and Cardano’s method. In [27], higher-order adaptive PID
controllersasanewgenerationofPIDcontrollersforchaos
Hindawi
Complexity
Volume 2021, Article ID 9913114, 11 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9913114