Lin et al. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes (2023) 21:41
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-023-02126-w
RESEARCH
Open Access
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Health and Quality
of Life Outcomes
Evaluation of the EQ-5D-5L, EQ-VAS
stand-alone component and Oxford knee score
in the Australian knee arthroplasty population
utilising minimally important diference,
concurrent validity, predictive validity
and responsiveness
D-Yin Lin
1,2*
, Tim Soon Cheok
3
, Billingsley Kaambwa
2
, Anthony J. Samson
3
, Craig Morrison
1,2
, Teik Chan
3
,
Hidde M. Kroon
4,5
and Ruurd L. Jaarsma
2,3
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the Oxford Knee Score (OKS), EQ-5D-5L utility index and EQ-5D visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS)
for health-related quality of life outcome measurement in patients undergoing elective total knee arthroplasty (TKA)
surgery.
Methods In this prospective multi-centre study, the OKS and EQ-5D-5L index scores were collected preoperatively,
six weeks (6w) and six months (6 m) following TKA. The OKS, EQ-VAS and EQ-5D-5L index were evaluated for mini-
mally important difference (MID), concurrent validity, predictive validity (Spearman’s Rho of predicted and observed
values from a generalised linear regression model (GLM)), responsiveness (effect size (ES) and standard response
mean (SRM)). The MID for the individual patient was determined utilising two approaches; distribution-based and
anchor-based.
Results 533 patients were analysed. The EQ-5D-5L utility index showed good concurrent validity with the OKS
(r = 0.72 preoperatively, 0.65 at 6w and 0.69 at 6 m). Predictive validity for the EQ-5D-5L index was lower than OKS
when regressed. Responsiveness was large for all fields at 6w for the EQ-5D-5L and OKS (EQ-5D-5L ES 0.87, SRM 0.84;
OKS ES 1.35, SRM 1.05) and 6 m (EQ-5D-5L index ES 1.31, SRM 0.95; OKS ES 1.69, SRM 1.59). The EQ-VAS returned
poorer results, at 6w an ES of 0.37 (small) and SRM of 0.36 (small). At 6 m, the EQ-VAS had an ES of 0.59 (moderate)
and SRM of 0.47 (small). It, however, had similar predictive validity to the OKS, and better than the EQ-5D-5L index.
MID determined using anchor approach, was shown that for OKS at 6 weeks it was 8.84 ± 9.28 and at 6 months
13.37 ± 9.89. For the EQ-5D-5L index at 6 weeks MID was 0.23 ± 0.39, and at 6 months 0.26 ± 0.36.
*Correspondence:
D-Yin Lin
d-yin.lin@sa.gov.au
Full list of author information is available at the end of the article