Research Article In Their Voices: Client and Staff Perceptions of the Physical and Social Environments of Adult Day Services Centers in Taiwan Chih-ling Liou 1 and Shannon Jarrott 2 1 Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Kent State University at Stark, North Canton, OH 44721, USA 2 College of Social Work, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Chih-ling Liou; cliou@kent.edu Received 14 April 2018; Accepted 19 July 2018; Published 29 July 2018 Academic Editor: Jacek Witkowski Copyright © 2018 Chih-ling Liou and Shannon Jarrott. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Studies have examined the impact of environments on long-term care residents’ quality of life; however, environment gets little attention in adult day services (ADS). Te current study gives voice to clients and staf by capturing their perceptions of the physical and social environments of their ADS centers. Data were collected from 23 interviews with staf and clients and 270 hours of participant observations at two ADS centers in Taiwan. Te authors triangulated feld notes with interview transcriptions and analyzed them with the Grounded Teory coding procedure method. Findings reveal clients’ and staf members’ perceptions of appropriate and inappropriate physical and social environmental features afecting quality of life at the center and refecting Taiwanese culture. We address how perceived appropriate features can be sustained or replicated and how perceived inappropriate infuences can be remedied. Results can be translated into action research by implementing supportive environments for both staf and clients at ADS centers. 1. Introduction Adult day service (ADS) is a popular community-based service designed to provide respite to family caregivers by ofering long-term care (LTC) services during the day to adults with physical and/or cognitive impairment who need supervised care [1]. ADS programs have rapidly grown in the United States as families and researchers fnd them benefcial, cost-efective alternatives to nursing homes [1, 2]. ADS pro- grams in Taiwan are largely informed by American models and have also grown drastically because of the government’s promotion and planning to develop more centers for the rapid growth of people aged 65 and over: from 10.9% in 2010 to 41.6% by 2060 [3]. ADS researchers have focused primarily on caregiver outcomes of ADS use [4]; attention should now turn to ADS clients and staf who spend most of their day in the care environment. Te environment in which L TC is provided consists of a physical and a social environment. Te physical environment encompasses the setting, d´ ecor, and private spaces, while facility regulations, activities, culture, and inter- personal interactions comprise the social environment [5]. Both the physical and social environments have been closely associated with client well-being [6]. As a “partial institution” where clients do not live together but receive care services similar to those provided at LTC, researchers, practitioners, and families should be concerned with the impact of the ADS environment as well. ADS clients are particularly susceptible to environmental infuences given associated decline in physical and cognitive functioning [7]. Te environment can be a therapeutic resource to reduce need-driven behaviors and promote the well-being of persons with dementia [8]. However, it can also contribute to ill-being [5, 9]. Among the limited research on the ADS environment, Lyman [10] discovered that ADS staf responded to increased caregiving demands by exerting increasing control over clients within a physical environment characterized by architectural barriers (e.g., no wheelchair accessibility) and space limitations (e.g., no separate activity rooms). Salari and Rich [9] found that a classroom-like Hindawi Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research Volume 2018, Article ID 5130472, 9 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5130472