CIBTech Journal of Microbiology ISSN: 2319-3867 (Online) An Online International Journal Available at http://www.cibtech.org/cjm.htm 2013 Vol. 2 (2) April-June, pp.24-32/ Kumari and Ambasta Review Article 24 ISOLATION OF MICROORGANISM FROM STOOL SAMPLE OF DIARRHEA PATIENT AND EFFECT OF ANTIBIOTICS AND HERBAL EXTRACT Seema Kumari and *Sanjeev Kumar Ambasta Extension Department, Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar *Author for Correspondence ABSTRACT The present investigation was based on study of stool sample collected from 15 children suffering from diarrhea, Cholera, Gastroenteritis. It includes biochemical & microbiological examination of bacteria which is considered to be etiological agent of enteric disease. After biochemical, microbiological morphology study and Gram staining technique and using PIB WIN soft ware mainly five types of pathogens (E.coli, Vibrio cholerae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae) were identified and their percentage occurrence in the stool sample were determined. Percentage effectiveness or sensitivity of antibiotics disc (Amikacin 30 mcg/disc, Cefepime 30 mcg/disc, Chloramphenicol 30 mcg/disc, Ciprofloxacin 5 mcg/disc, Gentamycin 10 mcg/disc, Imipenem 10 mcg/disc, Tetracyclin 30 mcg/disc, Tobramycin 10 mcg/disc) & different conc. of herbal extract (10μl,20 μl ,30 μl) of Ocimun sanctum, Aegle marmelos, Mentha spicata) were observed on different isolated pathogens from stool sample, in addition these effects were compared. Key Words: Antibiogram, Crude Death Rate, Ethno-Pharmacology, Piperitone, Nitrofurantoin. INTRODUCTION The enteric diseases are caused by the members of family Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae. These pathogens are named as enteric pathogens which belong to the genera that initiate infection by invading the intestinal epithelium. The enteric pathogens belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae are predominantly facultative anaerobic bacterial flora of large intestine of human beings. These are generally non-spore forming, non acid fast and gram negative straight or curved rod. These organisms are classified based on their mode of use of lactose in MacConkey agar medium, the most popular medium for the isolation of fecal bacilli. The enteric disease causing members of family Enterobacteriaceae are E.coli, Shigella, Salmonella, Proteus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter aerogenes.The pathogens belonging to family Vibrionaceae are also responsible for enteric disease .The organism Vibrio cholerae causing cholera is characterized by Gram negative curved rod that actively motile. The vibrio colonies can be identified by the use of selective media like TCBS, MacConkey and blood agar. Socio- economically backward classes of population frequently receive the epidemics of diarrhea disease, accounting high morbidity and mortality among the people. The mortality rate due to diarrheal infection is a robust indicator of the overall health status of population. As per the SRS (sample registration system) data infant mortality was 91% in 2001 & 87% in 2002 due to diarrhea disease. The CRD (crude death rate) in Orissa in 2001 &2002 was 10.4 and 9.8% respectively. Data on severe diarrhea and gastroenteritis in children was 14.2% (as per Registration general of India, 1998 -2000).As per available report under the Orissa multi disease surveillance system 144672 diarrhea cases are registered in 2003 & 1,56,872 diarrhea cases in 2002. 15-40 % of all death among the children aged < 5years are due to diarrhea disease. The united nation said that no. of suspected cholera cases in Zimbabwe since August 2008 has claimed above 12600 with 570 deaths because of lack of water treatment, Brocken sewage pipe. As on 26 th Nov 2008 more than 3000 people have died from cholera. As it is being mentioned earlier world 25% death is caused by bacteria every year. It can be eradicated by developing sophisticated medical facilities and proper hygienic condition. Chemotherapeutic agent like antibiotics kills or stops the growth of susceptible microorganism. These drug include beta-lactame, aminoglycosidesand, fluroquinolones, Tetracyclins,