89 5 EXPERIMENTAL EVOLUTIONARY DOMESTICATION Pedro Simões, Josiane Santos, and Margarida Matos EVOLUTIONARY DOMESTICATION: REAL-TIME STUDIES IN DROSOPHILA SUBOBSCURA Populations and Experimental Designs Long-Term Evolutionary Domestication Shorter-Term Effects of Foundation and Repeatability of Evolution Balance of Our Studies COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF DOMESTICATION Static Comparisons of Long-Established versus Recently Introduced Populations Evolutionary Dynamics Inferred from a Comparative Approach Testing Comparative Methods Using Trajectory Data GENERAL ISSUES The Problem of Complex Evolutionary Trajectories Application to Conservation What Have We Learned about Domestication from Experimental Evolution? Are Lab Flies Degenerate? Experimental Evolution: Concepts, Methods, and Applications of Selection Experiments, edited by Theodore Garland, Jr., and Michael R. Rose. Copyright © by the Regents of the University of California. All rights of reproduction in any form reserved.