Journal of Techniques, ISSN: 2708-8383, Vol. 4, No. 4, December 31, 2022, Pages 61-70 61 RESEARCH ARTICLE – ENGINEERING A Review of Techniques Used to Suppress Tremor Shelan Khudhur Saleh 1* , Saleem Lateef Mohammed 1 , Ali Al-Askery 1 1 Electrical Engineering Technical College, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq * Corresponding author E-mail: shelankhudhursaleh@gmail.com Article Info. Abstract Article history: Received 29 July 2022 Accepted 20 August 2022 Publishing 31 December 2022 The most frequent movement disorder is Tremor, which has an increased incidence and prevalence in people over 65 who have Parkinson's disease or essential tremors. Although not life-threatening, it prevents patients from performing their daily activities. An overview of different types of tremors and their treatment in medical and surgical views are discussed in this paper with a review of the stimulation nerves and muscles technique. Then a look at tremor detection and measurement methods are considered with a review of the medical devices' mechanism of action that is placed as a substitute treatment for patients that have a low response to medications and surgical treatment to provide effective and safe tremor suppression. This is an open access article under the CC BY 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Publisher : Middle Technical University Keywords: Hand Tremor; Tremor Suppression; Parkinson's Disease; Essential Tremor; Electrical Stimulation Technique. 1. Introduction A tremor is an oscillatory involuntary and roughly sinusoidal movement with rhythm at a specific frequency of a body part that is projected to muscles as a result of persistent oscillations in the neural system. It is considered a common movement disorder that causes considerable functional impairment because it is resulting from overcompensating the musculoskeletal systems' feedback regulation mechanism [1]. Prevalence of pathological tremors among the elderly ranges from 2% to over 10% (65 years or older) [2]. The majority of tremors affect the hands and can impact the legs, head, and face, where tremors in the hands are a serious problem because they make it difficult for patients to do activities of daily living (ADL) including writing, eating, and drinking because of the involuntary vibration of their hands, which can create social anxiety and depression [3]. The natural movement mechanisms must be defined to understand the different types of tremors, where the movement of people can be divided into intentional and nonintentional movements. Intentional movement refers to desired motions such as picking up a glass of water. In contrast, nonintentional motion refers to movements that are involuntary, such as the little vibrations in the hand fist while attempting to keep it tight. Generally, classifying tremor levels based on frequency falls within the range of 4 to 18 Hz [1]. Tremors can be classified according to whether they happen at rest, the action, or with a particular posture of a patient [4]. Essential and Parkinson's tremors are the most common types in the world [5]. In addition, there are many different types of tremors, each with its unique set of causes and symptoms [6]. The contribution of this paper can be summarized as follows: • First, a classification for the types of tremors is presented • Second, different methods to treat tremors are discussed including medical, surgical, electrical, and other types. • Third, comparing the performance of these different types to identify the gap in the previous research. 2. Classification of Tremor Tremors are divided into several groups as required by the clinical assessment, which significantly impacts medical diagnosis and treatment. The classification is based on certain tremors' natural frequency and amplitude or by its root cause based on the tremor's reaction when the muscle is relaxed or contracted and whether it occurs at rest, during the motion, or in a specific posture (Table 1). The hand position is considered one of the most accepted classifications for tremors. 2.1. Parkinson's Disease (PD) It is a type of neurodegenerative disorder that impact many older people. It can also be described as an oscillatory movement that has a reasonably steady frequency (from 3.5 to 11.5 Hz) but varies in amplitude over time, which is involuntary and rhythmic [12]. JOURNAL OF TECHNIQUES Journal homepage: http://journal.mtu.edu.iq