MICROFLUIDIC APPROACH FOR PRODUCTION OF LIPID
NANOPARTICLES-BASED NANO MEDICINE
M. Maeki
1*
, T. SAITO
2
, Y. NODE
3
, Y. Sato
3
, T. Yasui
4,5
, N. Kaji
4,5
, A. Ishida
1
, H. Tani
1
,
Y. Baba
4,5
, H. Harashima
3
, and M. Tokeshi
1,5*
1
Division of Applied Chemistry, Hokkaido University, JAPAN
2
Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, JAPAN
3
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, JAPAN
4
Department of Applied Chemistry, Nagoya University, JAPAN
5
ImPACT Research Center for Advanced Nanobiodevices, Nagoya University, JAPAN
ABSTRACT
This paper described a simple preparation method for small-size and monodispersed lipid
nanoparticles (LNPs) by using microfluidic devices. The fundamental role and importance of chaotic
micromixer in the microfluidic device was demonstrated. The suitable cycle number of chaotic
micromixer was confirmed for precise controlling LNPs size with narrow distribution under the any flow
rate conditions. In addition, LNPs containing siRNA was synthesized for evaluation of penetration
efficiency via in vivo experiment. The PEGylated LNPs containing siRNA with a diameter of 30 nm
could penetrate to the mouse parenchymal liver cells rather than the LNPs with a diameter of 50 nm.
KEYWORDS: Chaotic mixer, Lipid Nanoparticles, Nano Medicine
INTRODUCTION
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are of the great interest as a nanometer-sized drug carriers. LNPs have
remarkable features for drug delivery system such as a prolonged circulation time in the blood, low
cytotoxicity, high accumulation efficiency into the tumor cells. In particular, LNPs in the size range of
30-100 nm are suitable for the cancer therapy. Therefore, precise control of the small-size LNPs with
narrow distribution is a big challenge for the development of LNPs-based nanomedicine, because
accumulation efficiency into the tumor cells strongly depends on the LNPs size [1]. Microfluidic device
has been reported as a tool to produce monodispersed small-size LNPs[2]. However, the effect of fluid
dynamics in the microfluidic device on the LNPs size has not been elucidated in detail. In this study, we
investigated the role and importance of micromixer for the small size LNPs synthesis using the
microfluidic device. Moreover, the LNPs containing siRNA was synthesized by using the microfluidic-
based approach and was evaluated the penetration efficiency via in vivo experiment.
EXPERIMENTAL
Microfluidic devices were fabricated by double layer lithographic technique. The height of the first
SU-8 layer was 79 µm and the second SU-8 layer was 31 µm. Figure 1 shows the schematic illustration of
experimental system for producing the LNPs. To confirm the effect of the chaotic micromixer on LNPs
formation behavior, the cycle number of chaotic micromixer was changed from 0, 6, 10, and 20 cycles. 1-
palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) was dissolved in ethanol to obtain a
concentration of 10 mg/mL lipid solution. Saline was used for the aqueous solution. These solutions were
fed to the microfluidic device by using syringe pumps. The flow rate of the lipid solution was 0.1 mL/min
and that of the aqueous solution was varied from 0.3 to 0.9 mL/min. The size of the LNPs was measured
by dynamic light scattering. For in vivo experiment, we synthesized a multifunctional envelope-type nano
device called MEND, which composed a pH-sensitive cationic lipid (YSK05), cholesterol, PEG-DMG by
using microfluidic device. The PEGylated YSK-05 MEND was administered into the mouse liver cells to
evaluate the effect of the LNPs size on the penetration and the gene knockdown efficiency. FITC-isolectin
B4, Hoechst 33342, and Cy5-siRNA were used for staining the parenchymal liver cells, liver sinusoidal
endothelial cells, and YSK-05 MEND, respectively.
838 978-0-9798064-8-3/μTAS 2015/$20©15CBMS-0001 19
th
International Conference on Miniaturized
Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences
October 25-29, 2015, Gyeongju, KOREA