International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences | October 2020 | Vol 8 | Issue 10 Page 3624
International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Utaal SKD et al. Int J Res Med Sci. 2020 Oct;8(10):3624-3628
www.msjonline.org pISSN 2320-6071 | eISSN 2320-6012
Original Research Article
Association of ocular biometric parameters with diabetic retinopathy
Shubhneek Kaur Dhillon Utaal
*
, Rupali Chopra, Nitin Batra
INTRODUCTION
Individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) are 25 times
more likely to become legally blind than others.
1
Visual
loss is primarily the result of progressive diabetic
retinopathy (DR) and clinically significant macular
edema (CSME). Various studies have suggested that
myopia, particularly of high degree, may have a
protective effect on DR.
2
Myopia has two components:
structural {Axial length (AL) and Anterior chamber depth
(ACD)} and refractive {Corneal curvature (CC) and
Spherical equivalent (SE)}.
It is unclear as to which component is the main
contributor to the relationship of refractive errors with
DR.
3
Among the components of myopia, AL has received
the most attention.
4
Since ACD is a part of AL, apparently the major
protective effect may be related to the length of the
vitreous chamber.
5
These relationships, however, have
not been firmly established. This study has been carried
out to evaluate the association between the various ocular
biometric parameters and the presence as well as different
grades of DR.
Department of Ophthalmology, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, India
Received: 02 Aug 2020
Accepted: 05 Sep 2020
*Correspondence:
Dr. Shubhneek Kaur Dhillon Utaal,
E-mail: drshubhneek@hotmail.com
Copyright: © the author(s), publisher and licensee Medip Academy. This is an open-access article distributed under
the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
ABSTRACT
Background: To study the association of ocular biometric parameters {Spherical equivalent (SE), Axial length (AL),
Anterior chamber depth (ACD) and Corneal curvature (CC)} with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in subjects with Type 2
diabetes mellitus (DM).
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in the Outpatient Department of Ophthalmology of a
tertiary care teaching hospital in North India. The study included 100 subjects having various grades of DR as cases
and 100 diabetics without DR as controls. The SE was assessed using objective autorefraction, while AL, CC and
ACD were measured using the NIDEK AL SCAN. International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Severity
Scale was used for grading of DR.
Results: A total of 181 eyes in the study group and 200 eyes in the control group were analysed. Progressive
decrease in the mean AL was observed with the increasing severity of DR (p=0.017). Deeper ACD had a negative
correlation with severity of DR (p=0.037). No statistically significant difference was observed for AL and ACD with
the incidence of DR (p=0.147 and p=0.091 respectively). Likewise, there was no significant relation of DR with SE or
CC.
Conclusions: Longer AL and deep ACD were protective against progression to the severe forms of DR. However,
there was no correlation of AL and ACD with the incidence of DR. The SE and CC were not found to be significant
determinants for either development or severity of DR.
Keywords: Anterior chamber depth, Axial length, Corneal curvature, Diabetes mellitus, Diabetic retinopathy,
Myopia, Spherical equivalent
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20204240