Mahmoud Y. Khamaira et al./ Elixir Elec. Engg. 73 (2014) 26432-26435 26432
Introduction
Wind power has been one of the most important renewable
energy sources over the past decade. The global installed wind
power capacity worldwide has significantly increased from
7.272 GW at the end of the year 2002 to 40.56 GW by the end
of the year 2011 [1]. In 2008, wind power has produced over 1%
of the global electricity generation and by the year 2020; it is
estimated to produce about 10% of the global electricity.
Currently, doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) is commonly
used for wind turbines over 1 MW capacity [1]. DFIG-based
wind energy conversion system (WECS) is gaining popularity
because of its superior advantages over other wind turbine
generator concepts [2, 3] that have seen DFIG application in
large WECS reaching 55% of the worldwide total wind capacity
during the year 2012 [4]. A typical configuration of DFIG wind
turbine is shown in Fig. 1. Rotor side converter (RSC) and grid
side converter (GSC) interface the DFIG with the grid. Both
converters use forced commutated power electronic switches
such as insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT) to convert AC
to DC and vice versa. A capacitor connected to the DC link of
the converter acts as a DC voltage source [5, 6]. The failure of a
wind turbine to remain operational for a short time of voltage
dip without tripping is referred to the low voltage ride-through
(LVRT) capability of the turbine. Rotor crowbar circuit which is
relatively a cheap solution with simple control, is usually used to
protect the RSC, [4, 7, 8]. There are many papers in the
literature that investigated various approaches to compensate
WECS reactive power during voltage fluctuation events by
mainly connecting a flexible AC transmission system (FACTS)
device such as static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) to
the point of common coupling (PCC) [9-15]. There is however a
few publications considered the compensation of active power
as well [16-19].
This paper presents a new topology for the DFIG converters
by incorporating a coil within the converters to improve the
overall performance of a DFIG-based WECS during faults at the
grid side. Simulation is carried out using Simulink/Matlab
software.
Fig 1. Typical configuration of DFIG
System under Study
Fig. 2 shows the system under study that consists of six 1.5-
MW DFIGs connected to the ac grid at the PCC.
Fig 2. Configuration of a DFIG wind turbine equipped with
a coil
The grid that is represented by an ideal three-phase voltage
source of constant frequency is connected to the wind turbines
via a 30-km transmission line and step-up transformer. During
normal operating conditions, reactive power produced by the
wind turbines is regulated at zero MVar to maintain unity power
factor connection. For an average wind speed of 15 m/s, which
is used in this study, the turbine output active power is 1.0 pu,
and the rotor shaft speed is 1.2 pu [3]. A coil is connected to the
DC link of the back-to-back power converters of the DFIG
through a DC/DC chopper.
Tele:
E-mail addresses: m.khamaira@student.curtin.edu.au
© 2014 Elixir All rights reserved
ABSTRACT
Doubly Fed Induction Generators (DFIGs) are currently extensively used in variable speed
wind power plants due to their superior advantages that include reduced converter rating,
low cost, reduced losses, easy implementation of power factor correction schemes,
variable speed operation and four quadrants active and reactive power control capabilities.
On the other hand, DFIG sensitivity to grid disturbances, especially for voltage sags
represents the main disadvantage of the equipment. In this paper, a coil is proposed to be
integrated within the DFIG converters to improve the overall performance of a DFIG-
based wind energy conversion system (WECS). The charging and discharging of the coil
are controlled by controlling the duty cycle of the switches of the dc-dc chopper.
Simulation results reveal the effectiveness of the proposed topology in improving the
overall performance of the WECS system under study.
© 2014 Elixir All rights reserved.
A new topology for doubly fed induction generator to improve the overall
performance of wind energy conversion system
Mahmoud Y. Khamaira, A. Abu-Siada, S. Islam and M. A. S. Masoum
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Curtin University Perth, Australia.
ARTICLE INFO
Article history:
Received: 11 June 2014;
Received in revised form:
10 August 2014;
Accepted: 19 August 2014;
Keywords
Doubly fed induction generator,
Wind energy conversion system,
Grid codes.
Elixir Elec. Engg. 73 (2014) 26432-26435
Electrical Engineering
Available online at www.elixirpublishers.com (Elixir International Journal)