Case Report Tracheobronchial Amyloidosis Mimicking Tracheal Tumor Elif TanrJverdi, 1 Mehmet Akif Özgül, 1 OLuz Uzun, 2 Fule Gül, 1 Mustafa Çörtük, 3 Zehra YaGar, 4 Murat Acat, 3 Naciye Arda, 5 and ErdoLan Çetinkaya 1 1 Department of Chest Diseases, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Toracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Kazlıc ¸es ¸me, Belgrat Kapı yolu Cad. 1, Zeytinburnu, 34020 Istanbul, Turkey 2 Department of Chest Diseases, Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey 3 Department of Chest Diseases, Karab¨ uk University Faculty of Medicine, Karab¨ uk, Turkey 4 Department of Chest Diseases, Abant ˙ Izzet Baysal University Faculty of Medicine, Bolu, Turkey 5 Department of Pathology Yedikule Chest Diseases and Toracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Kazlıc ¸es ¸me, Belgrat Kapı yolu Cad. 1, Zeytinburnu, 34020 Istanbul, Turkey Correspondence should be addressed to Elif Tanrıverdi; dr.elif06@mynet.com Received 20 March 2016; Revised 13 July 2016; Accepted 26 July 2016 Academic Editor: Stephen P. Peters Copyright © 2016 Elif Tanrıverdi et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Tracheobronchial amyloidosis is a rare presentation and accounts for about 1% of benign tumors in this area. Te diagnosis of disease is delayed due to nonspecifc pulmonary symptoms. Terapeutic approaches are required to control progressive pulmonary symptoms for most of the patients. Herein, we report a case of a 68-year-old man admitted with progressive dyspnea to our institution for further evaluation and management. He was initially diagnosed with and underwent management for bronchial asthma for two years but had persistent symptoms despite optimal medical therapy. Pulmonary computed tomography scan revealed severe endotracheal stenosis. Bronchoscopy was performed and showed endotracheal mass obstructing 70% of the distal trachea and mimicking a neoplastic lesion. Te mass was successfully resected by mechanical resection, argon plasma coagulation (APC), and Nd-YAG laser during rigid bronchoscopy. Biopsy materials showed deposits of amorphous material by hematoxylin and eosin staining and these deposits were selectively stained with Congo Red. Although this is a rare clinical condition, this case indicated that carrying out a bronchoscopy in any patient complaining of atypical bronchial symptoms or with uncontrolled asthma is very important. 1. Introduction Amyloidosis is characterized by the abnormal extracellular deposition of insoluble fbril proteins. Diseases are detected as systemic amyloidosis or localized amyloidosis. Systemic amyloidosis is classifed into four categories as primary, immunoglobulin light chain (AL) disease; secondary, amy- loid A protein (AA) disease; hereditary, mutant transthyretin (ATTR) disease; dialysis-dependent, beta 2 microglobulin (2m) disease. Localized amyloidosis is more common than systemic amyloidosis. Localized amyloidosis is limited single organ such as bladder, skin, heart, or lung [1, 2]. Te most cases of respiratory amyloidosis have been described in three forms: difuse interstitial amyloidosis, nodular parenchymal amyloidosis, and tracheobronchial amyloidosis [3]. With only around one hundred cases reported in the literature, tracheobronchial amyloidosis is a rare form of localized amyloidosis [4]. 2. Case Reports 68-year-old male patient was admitted to our outpatient clinic with complaints of dyspnea and cough. He was fol- lowed with a diagnosis of bronchial asthma for two years. But despite his adherence to the treatment, his symptoms worsened with a progressive decrease in exercise tolerance, increased wheezing episodes, and shortness of breath. Chest tomography (CT) was performed for ruling out obstructive lesions. CT demonstrated tracheal tumor which obstructed tracheal lumen. His medical history revealed appendectomy Hindawi Publishing Corporation Case Reports in Medicine Volume 2016, Article ID 1084063, 4 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1084063