EFFECTS OF CONCHING TIME AND INGREDIENTS ON
PREFERENCE OF MILK CHOCOLATE
M. PRAWIRA and S.A. BARRINGER
1
Department of Food Science and Technology
The Ohio State University
Columbus, OH
Accepted for Publication May 21, 2008
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study is to determine how the conching time and
the quantity of sucrose, lecithin, cocoa butter and whole milk powder affect
consumer preference for milk chocolate. Untrained panelists performed a
sensory study consisting of acceptability, preference and attribute intensity.
Longer conching time produced significantly smoother chocolate with smaller
particle size. The longest conche times had the smallest particle size and were
the most mouthcoating. There was no change in flavor with conching. The
longer conche times were preferred. Panelists preferred higher sucrose levels,
and increasing sucrose decreased bitterness and increased chocolate flavor.
Increasing lecithin increased smoothness, but less lecithin was preferred,
possibly due to off-flavors at high levels of lecithin. Increasing cocoa butter
yielded softer chocolate but did not affect bitterness. Panelists preferred 10%
over higher levels of cocoa butter. More milk powder produced smoother
chocolate with more caramel flavor and was preferred.
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
The perceived quality of milk chocolate is affected by conching time,
sucrose, lecithin, cocoa butter and whole milk powder. Texture was affected
the most by conching, milk powder, lecithin and cocoa butter. Flavor was
affected the most by milk powder and sugar. The only variable that did not
affect acceptability and preference of milk chocolate was time for under-
conched samples. While this study did not determine the optimum conditions
for milk chocolate, the most preferred and/or acceptable samples were
1
Corresponding author. Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University,
2015 Fyffe Road, Columbus 43210, OH. TEL: 614-688-3642; FAX: 614-292-0218; EMAIL:
barringer.11@osu.edu
Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 33 (2009) 571–589.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4549.2008.00272.x 571
© 2009 The Author(s)
Journal compilation © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.