Vol. 13(2), pp. 8-15, 30 January, 2018
DOI: 10.5897/IJPS2017.4703
Article Number: 81CDF5D55935
ISSN 1992 - 1950
Copyright ©2018
Author(s) retain the copyright of this article
http://www.academicjournals.org/IJPS
International Journal of Physical
Sciences
Full Length Research Paper
High-latitude thermospheric zonal winds during low
solar activity period
Sivla W. T.*, Ugonabo O. J. and Okoro E. C.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Received 2 December, 2017; Accepted 18 January, 2018
Changes resulting from the cyclical nature of the sun’s energy output result to variations in
thermosphere-ionosphere system parameters. The prolonged low solar activity period of solar cycle 23
provides an opportunity to study the thermosphere-ionosphere system parameters when the sun was at
its ground state. The CHAMP satellite has provided wind data that can be used for investigation of
neutral thermospheric parameters such as zonal winds and density. Using zonal wind data from 2006 to
2008 generated from CHAMP accelerometer readings using an iterative algorithm, the diurnal variation
of averaged zonal thermospheric winds in the high latitudes (70 - 80°N) has been investigated. In the
analysis we grouped the data into four seasons; the March and September equinoxes, and the June and
December solstices. The wind data is binned into local time bins and averaged to find the hourly mean
speeds. The results reveal maximum eastward and westward wind speeds going above 150 m/s for
each of the seasons considered. Of particular interest is the observation that despite the expected
complex behavior resulting from the expected magnetospheric inputs, the diurnal patterns are similar
to those obtained in the mid-latitudes in an earlier study with data from this algorithm. Due to likely
errors arising from the longitudinal effects of mixing composite solar times, there is need for
simultaneous measurements in the high latitudes.
Key words: CHAMP satellite, high latitude, solar activity, thermosphere.
INTRODUCTION
The thermosphere is the first layer of the earth’s
atmosphere that receives the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) and
extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiations. These radiations
ionize the neutral molecules that make up the
thermosphere forming an embedded ionized region; the
ionosphere. The thermosphere is coupled to the
ionosphere by the interactions between the ionized and
neutral species. A thorough understanding of
thermospheric variability is important in establishing the
state of the earth’s upper atmosphere. Thermospheric
perturbations can arise from external forcing sources to
which the thermosphere is coupled. The earth’s
thermosphere-ionosphere system is coupled from above
by interactions with incoming solar radiations and
magnetospheric electric fields, and coupled to layers
below by tides, gravity and planetary waves as shown in
*Corresponding author. E-mail: william.sivla@unn.edu.ng.
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