480 THE EXPOSITORY TIMES
THE
EXPOSITORY
TIMES
Volume 118 Number 10 Pages480–487
Copyright © 2007 SAGE Publications (Los Angeles, London, New Delhi and Singapore)
DOI: 10.1177/0014524607079990
http://EXT.sagepub.com
On Becoming a Family: Multiculturality and Interculturality
in South Africa
Y
By PROFESSOR LOUIS JONKER
Department of Old and New Testament, University of Stellenbosch
This article presents a summary of a research project taking place in the Western Cape of South Africa
at the moment.
1
The project depicts South African society as a society that has come a long way since
1990 to accepting multiculturality. However, it argues that a move towards interculturality has not
necessarily taken place at the same time. The project begins with the hypothesis that a development of
hermeneutical skills among Christian communities of reading the Bible together with ‘the other’ could
contribute signifcantly towards the fostering of interculturality in the broader South African society.
Additionally, it is hypothesized that the studying of the dynamics of intercultural Bible reading could
provide us with better insight into the dynamics of a shift from multiculturality to interculturality in
South African society.
KEYWORDS
Multiculturality, Interculturality, Biblical Hermeneutics, South African society
Introduction
I
n a recent publication,
2
the well-known former
archbishop of Cape Town and Nobel Peace
laureate Desmond Tutu suggested that the South
African faith communities should become a family.
He uses the metaphor of ‘family’ to explain how
the building of a culture of communal life in South
Africa could take place: ‘The wonderful thing about
family is that we are not expected to agree about
everything under the sun. Show me a man and wife
who have never disagreed and I will show you some
accomplished fibbers. But those disagreements,
pray God, do not usually destroy the unity of the
family. And so it should be with God’s family. We
are not expected at all times to be unanimous or
to have a consensus on every conceivable subject.
What is needed is to respect one another’s point of
view and not to impute unworthy motives to one
another or to seek to impugn the integrity of the
other. Our maturity will be judged by how well we
are able to agree to disagree and yet to continue
to love one another, to care for one another and
cherish one another and seek the greater good of
the other’ (2004 : 22). Although Tutu primarily
calls the Christian community to adopt the ‘family’
metaphor for their own existence, the implication
of this call also extends to society in general. The
metaphor emphasizes that cohesion within any
diverse social group does not build on agreement,
interest or commonness, but rather on tolerance,
respect and communality.
One could rightly ask whether this ‘dream of God’
which Tutu shares in his book, does not remain an
unrealistic ideal for South African society.
3
South
Africa certainly could be described as ‘the world in
one country’. This slogan, which is often used in
tourism advertisements, and which is mostly used
to refer to the rich diversity in climatological and
vegetational regions, also describes the rich variety
of peoples, cultures, languages and religions in this
country. This diversity is even acknowledged in the
South African constitution (Act 200 of 1993, and
amendments) in articles 30 and 31. In article 30,
1
The project is funded by the National Research
Foundation of South Africa (NRF) – a fact which is gratefully
acknowledged. The views expressed here remain, however,
the responsibility of the author.
2
Tutu (2004).
3
Cf. more sceptical voices, such as Degenaar’s book, The
Myth of the South African Nation ( 1991).