~ 2467 ~
International Journal of Chemical Studies 2019; 7(5): 2467-2476
P-ISSN: 2349–8528
E-ISSN: 2321–4902
IJCS 2019; 7(5): 2467-2476
© 2019 IJCS
Received: 29-07-2019
Accepted: 30-08-2019
AM Paghadal
Research Associate, Research
Training and Testing Centre,
Junagadh Agricultural
University, Junagadh, Gujarat,
India
HD Rank
Professor and Head, College of
Agricultural Engineering and
Technology, Junagadh
Agricultural University,
Junagadh, Gujarat, India
PS Pipaliya
College of Agricultural
Engineering and Technology,
Junagadh Agricultural
University, Junagadh, Gujarat,
India
JM Makwana
Senior Research Fellow,
Department of Renewable
Energy Engineering, College of
Agricultural Engineering and
Technology, Junagadh
Agricultural University,
Junagadh, Gujarat, India
GV Prajapati
Associate Professor, Research
Testing, and Training Centre,
Junagadh Agricultural
University, Junagadh, Gujarat,
India
Corresponding Author:
AM Paghadal
Research Associate, Research
Training and Testing Centre,
Junagadh Agricultural
University, Junagadh, Gujarat,
India
Prioritization of watersheds of Ozat river basin
based on morphometric analysis using remote
sensing and GIS
AM Paghadal, HD Rank, PS Pipaliya, JM Makwana and GV Prajapati
Abstract
Watershed prioritization has gained importance in natural resources management, especially in the
context of watershed management. Watershed management encompasses various activities from
watershed delineation to monitoring. The present research attempted to study various morphological
characteristics and to implement Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS)
techniques for identification and prioritization of critical sub watersheds situated in region of Ozat river
basin, Gujarat. The morphometric analysis of river basin helps to explore the interrelationship between
hydraulic parameters and geomorphologic characteristics. Various morphometric parameters, namely
linear and shape have been determined for each watersheds and assigned ranks on the basis of
value/relationship so as to arrive at a compound value for a final ranking of the watershed. There are in
total 4 sub-watersheds which have been delineated and taken up for prioritization based on morphometric
analysis using GIS and RS techniques. Detailed morphometric analysis was carried out using ArcGIS
V10.1. The value of compound parameter for all 4 watersheds varied from 27 to 32. The watershed
5G1C4 (compound parameter value 27) receives the highest priority value and so it becomes potential
and prioritized candidate for applying soil conservation measures, in contrast to the other watersheds
with low priorities are subjected to lower degree of erosion. The morphometric properties and
prioritization for each watershed will be useful for the sound planning of conservation measures, water
harvesting, and groundwater recharge projects on watershed base.
Keywords: Watershed, Prioritization, Morphometry, Ozat River basin, DEM
1. Introduction
A drainage basin or watershed is an extent or an area of land where surface water from rain,
melting snow, or ice converges to a single point at a lower elevation, usually the exit of the
basin, where the waters join another water body, such as a river, lake, reservoir, estuary,
wetland, sea, or ocean. The watershed plays a dominant role in the development of landforms
and therefore, the study of drainage basin has a great significance in geomorphic studies
(Chandrashekar et al., 2010)
[5]
. A watershed is an ideal unit for management of natural
resources like land and water for achieving sustainable development. The watershed
management concept recognizes the interrelationships among the linkages between uplands,
low lands, land use, geomorphology, slope and soil. A comprehensive watershed management
programme may have multiple objectives such as controlling damaging runoff and managing
and utilizing the same for useful purposes, controlling erosion and reduction in the sediment
production, enhancing ground water storage and appropriate use of the land resources in the
watershed (Sebastian et al., 1995).
Soil and water conservation are the key issues in watershed management while demarcating
watersheds. Morphometry is the measurement and mathematical analysis of the configuration
of the earth's surface, shape and dimension of its landforms (Agarwal, 1998; Obi Reddy et al.,
2002)
[1, 30]
. It is a significant tool for prioritization of sub watersheds even without considering
the soil map (Biswas et al., 1999)
[3]
. Morphometric analysis of a watershed provides a
quantitative description of the drainage system, which is an important aspect of the
characterization of watersheds (Strahler, 1964)
[48]
. A major emphasis in geomorphology over
the past several decades has been on the development of quantitative physiographic methods to
describe the evolution and behaviour of surface drainage networks (Horton, 1945; Leopold &
Maddock, 1953)
[15, 18]
. The success of watershed development programme revolves around the
conservation of soil and water resources in that watershed and hence, it is imperative to