Research Article Awareness, Actions, and Predictors of Actions on Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting among Patients Attending a Referral Hospital in Southern Highland Tanzania Nathanael Sirili , 1 Manase Kilonzi , 2 Dorkasi L. Mwakawanga , 3 JumaA.Mohamedi , 2 JosephMatoboThobias, 4 AureliaClement, 5 DavanceMwasomola, 5 andStellaE.Mushy 3 1 School of Public Health and Social Sciences, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65015, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 2 School of Pharmacy, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65013, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 3 School of Nursing, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65004, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 4 School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 5 Pharmacy Department, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital, P.O. Box 419, Mbeya, Tanzania Correspondence should be addressed to Manase Kilonzi; manasekilonzi@gmail.com Received 23 February 2023; Revised 14 April 2023; Accepted 26 April 2023; Published 9 May 2023 Academic Editor: Rizky Abdulah Copyright © 2023 Nathanael Sirili et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Purpose. Tis study assessed the awareness, actions, and predictors of actions on adverse drug reaction reporting among patients attending a referral hospital in southern highland Tanzania. Methods. A hospital•based cross•sectional study was conducted from January to August 2022 at Mbeya onal Referral Hospital (MRH) in Mbeya, Tanzania. A total of 792 adult patients with chronic conditions attending outpatient clinics at MRH were recruited consecutively. A semistructured questionnaire was used to collect demographic characteristics, ADR awareness, and actions when encountering ADR. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 23 and results are summarized using frequency and percentages. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the predictors associated with reporting ADR among patients. P value ≤0.05 was considered statistically signifcant. Results. Out of 792, 397 (50.1%) were males and 383 (48.6%) had a primary education level. Only 171 (21.6%) participants previously experienced ADR, and 111 (14.1%) were aware that ADR is an unexpected harm that occurs after medication use. Te majority 597 (70.3%) of the participants said will report ADR to healthcare providers, 706 (88.9%) prefer reporting ADR to healthcare providers, and 558 (69.1%) said patients are not aware of the importance of reporting ADR. Patients aged below 65 years of age, unemployed ((AOR (95% CI) = 0.4 (0.18–0.87), self•employed ((AOR (95% CI) = 0.5 (0.32–0.83)), and those who ever encountered ADR ((AOR (95% CI) = 0.1 (0.05–0.11)) were more likely to report the ADR to HCPs compared to the rest. onclusions. Te majority of patients are not aware of what is ADR and the importance of ADR reporting. Most of the patients prefer to report ADR to healthcare providers. We recommend an awareness campaign to raise awareness of the patients on ADR and other methods of ADR reporting. 1.Introduction Increases in medication access are associated with incidences of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to consumers. World Health Organization (WHO) defnes ADR as a response to a drug that is noxious and unintended which occurs at a standard dose used for prophylaxis, diagnosis, treatment of a disease, or modifcation of a physiological function [1]. In European Union, ADR causes about 200,000 deaths and cost around Euro 79 billion annually [2] and in England, ADRs contribute to 16.5% of all hospital admission and a projected annual cost of 2.21 billion [3]. ADR generally results in additional treatment costs for patients and the healthcare system, as well as prolonged hospital stays, Hindawi Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Volume 2023, Article ID 7761649, 7 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/7761649