Impact of Photovoltaic Ingress on Power Distribution System Asif Gulraiz 1 Dept. Of Electrical Engineering NUST Karachi, Pakistan asifgulraiz2002@gmail.com Noor E Batool 2 Dept. of Electrical Engineering DHA Suffa University Karachi, Pakistan ee191028@dsu.edu.pk Rimsha Shaherbano 3 Dept. of Electrical Engineering DHA Suffa University Karachi, Pakistan ee191016@dsu.edu.pk Rukhsana Hussain 4 Dept. of Electrical Engineering DHA Suffa University Karachi, Pakistan ee191025@dsu.edu.pk Dr. Sajjad Haider Zaidi 5 Dept. of Electrical Engineering NUST Karachi, Pakistan sajjadzaidi@pnec.nust.edu.pk Abstract—In recent years, there has been a rapid growth in the installation of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, due to many factors such as increase in energy demand, to produce green and efficient energy, to manage the cost of electricity bill etc. it is evident from the rapid growth of rooftop PV systems that it has many benefits but it is also very important to consider the impacts of high penetration of PV on the distribution network. In this paper, simulation on low voltage distribution network (LVDN)have been carried out in order to see the impacts of PV ingress. We have used k-electric (KE) network to analyze the overall system behavior such as voltage stability, line and cable losses and transformer losses. Index Terms—Photovoltaic (PV), Low distribution network (LVDN), Voltage stability, line losses, net-metering (NM) I. I NTRODUCTION Pakistan as a developing country is now focusing on gen- erating electricity from renewable resources. In this way of power generation people can not only generate electricity for enlightening their homes [1], but can also sell the generated electricity to local power generating company. As per the United Nation Sustainable development goals the world is now shifting towards renewable energy. Generating electricity through solar panels is the most common method when it comes to producing electric power through renewable re- sources. Photovoltaic is used for the direct conversion of sunlight into electrical energy. Therefore, most of the people are inclined towards generating electricity rather than relying on electric companies. As the world is now being more developed and modernized, thus now the consumers can not only consume electricity but also can sell addition electricity to the respective utility companies through a process called net metering [2]. During the daytime when PV systems production exceeds the houses electrical needs the surplus electricity is fed back on to the power grid, when this occurs electrical meter spins backwards and credit for that transfer to user (utility companies buys this energy back). When you’re pulling energy off the grid, your meter spins forward and it nets it all out. This benefits the customer by generating revenue to pay back their cost of investment for the PV system. Due to increase in PV penetration at low voltage distribution network [3], the voltage levels of the connected distribution network are increasing. This negative impact is a setback but by overcoming this issue we can incorporate PV in our distribution systems. We have used local distribution network to analyze different scenarios. K-electric is the only electric utility company responsible for the transmission and distribution in Karachi. It has 63 grids, 1,984 feeders, 174 power transformers, 28787 transformers. In 2022, a rapid increase in the net metering cases are observe by K-electric as consumers are turning into prosumers [6]. This paper focuses on the distribution network of Karachi, Pakistan [2], 4 different cases are considered, each consisting of 3 different scenarios of PV penetration l e v e l ranging from 0 percent to 50 percent to analyze the impact of varying PV penetration in overall system. Our system consists of 57 loads, 16 buses, 14 cables, 1 feeder of 11KV and a step- down transformer which steps down voltage from 11kV to 420V. TThe simulations listed below were run using the Cyme programme. Power engineering software called Cyme is used in the business world to analyse generating, transmission, and distribution networks. A toolbox area of the software contains all the necessary components, such as sources, lines and cables, transformers and regulators, motors, loads, switching and protection devices, etc. It is capable of carrying out various analyses, including load flow and long-term dynamics. With the help of this software, we can determine when a system is acting abnormally, such as when the voltage is under, above, or rated, or when the short circuit rating is exceeded. K-Electric is the principal user of this software. Above cases are further evaluated in terms of following conditions: • Impact of PF control method. • Impact of VOLT-VAR control method. • Impact of PV location. 2023 International Conference on Emerging Power Technologies (ICEPT) | 979-8-3503-0101-4/23/$31.00 ©2023 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICEPT58859.2023.10152398 Authorized licensed use limited to: NUST School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (SEECS). Downloaded on July 03,2023 at 04:34:05 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.