001 Citation: Gasparyan H, Buloyan S, Karapetyan L, Harutyunyan H, Mardanyan S, et al. (2020) Mitigation with plant ethanol extracts of STZ-induced histopathological injuries in the tissues of laboratory rats. Glob J Biotechnol Biomater Sci 6(1): 001-006. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17352/gjbbs.000011 https://dx.doi.org/10.17352/gjbbs DOI: 2640-7817 ISSN: Introduction Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is known to be a metabolic disorder resulting from variable interactions of hereditary and environmental factors. It is characterized by abnormalities in the insulin metabolism with subsequent distortions in carbohydrates, proteins and lipid metabolism. Chronic hyperglycemia activates different cellular pathways associated with tissue damage and development of diabetic complications [1], which are often considered as results of pathogenic effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [2]. Medicinal herbs contain diverse bioactive compounds [3- 5]. Many of drug substances are derived or developed from plant compounds [6]. For instance, a first line drug for type 2 diabetes metformin is developed on the basis of biguanide from French lilac [7]. The efficacy of many plants as useful agents in the management of hyperglycemia and related complications is evidenced [8,9]. It is known that DM affects the pancreatic exocrine and endocrine systems. The most common cells in islets of Langerhans in endocrine system are -cells, which produce insulin, the major hormone in regulation of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. The -cell mass in islets of Langerhans decreases during the development of DM [10,11]. One of the most widespread complications related to DM is diabetic nephropathy. Disturbances in antioxidant defense systems and ROS lead to accumulation of renal disorders, which is usually associated with kidney damage [12,13]. DM can cause chronic kidney diseases, damage both the nodular apparatus and the proximal and distal tubules. Prevention and management of Summary This work studied the use of several plant extracts as probable medications in the treatment of diabetes. In laboratory rats, the diabetes model was developed by injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) in a dose of 40 mg/kg of body weight. The animals, in which the blood glucose level increased 4-5 times, were considered as diabetic. The diabetic animals were treated by ethanol extracts of plants traditionally used in folk medicine and/or as food in Armenian cuisine. During four weeks, the STZ-induced diabetic rats were administered orally three times in a week with the ethanol extracts from sorrel leaves (SL, Rumex Confertus), pellicles of walnut kernel (WP, Juglans regia), grape leaves (GL, Vitis vinifera) and rose petals (RP, Rosa damascena). At the end of the experiment, certain decrease of blood glucose level was registered in these groups. An oxidative stress marker, malondialdehyde, which increased in the blood of the STZ-induced diabetic animals by 38%, decreased in the SL and WP groups to the level of the intact animals. The histopathological examination of the pancreas, kidney and liver sections from the diabetic animals, fed with the extracts from SL, RP and WP, revealed positive changes compared with the STZ-control animals. The obtained results manifest the benefit of using the studied herbal extracts in the STZ-induced diabetes model. Research Article Mitigation with plant ethanol extracts of STZ-induced histopathological injuries in the tissues of laboratory rats Hrachik Gasparyan 1 , Sona Buloyan 1 , Luiza Karapetyan 2 , Hayk Harutyunyan 2 , Alvard Antonyan 2 , Svetlana Sharoyan 2 , Sona Mardanyan 2 * 1 Scientific-Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, A. Mnjoyan Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of Armenian NAS, Armenian 2 H. Buniatian Institute of Biochemistry of Armenian NAS, Armenian Received: 20 February, 2020 Accepted: 15 May, 2020 Published: 16 May, 2020 *Corresponding author: Sona S Mardanyan, H. Bunia- tian Institute of Biochemistry of Armenian NAS, 5/1, P. Sevak Str, Yerevan 0014, Republic of Armenia, Fax: 374 29 73 43; E-mail: Keywords: Experimental diabetes; Pancreas; Kidney; Liver; Morphometric analysis https://www.peertechz.com