Glocal real estate market:
evidence from
European Countries
Radoslaw Wisniewski
University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw,
Warszawa, Poland and Central Office of Measures, Warszawa, Poland, and
Justyna Brzezicka
Faculty of Geoengineering,
University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
Abstract
Purpose – This paper aims to analyse globalisation, localisation and glocalisation on the real estate market
and define the characteristic features of a glocal real estate market (GREM). The GREM involves real estate
properties and real estate products, as well as linking the local and global dimensions of real estate market.
Further aims of the study were to provide a methodology for developing the glocal real estate market index
(GREMI), and compare selected European markets by analysing their glocalisation potential.
Design/methodology/approach – A novel method of identifying and assessing the GREM was
prepared in the work. The methodology provides tools for calculating the GREMI. This is an index based on a
few dozen variables from various thematic scopes, describing the glocalisation potential of a selected market,
calibrated to a range <0, 1>. GREMI values were calculated for 12 countries, which accessed European Union
(EU) in 2004. The sample covers period from 2004 to 2017.
Findings – The study shows that the GREMI continues to increase in all countries over time and the results
are becoming synchronised. Romania is a country with the highest number of minimum GREMI values in all
years (2004–2017). The highest values of the GREMI were determined in Estonia over the period of nine years
(2004–2006, 2008 and 2013–2017).
Research limitations/implications – The prepared index may be applied to analyse different real
estate markets, though the necessity to select an identical set of variables for analysis to allow for comparing
between markets is a limitation for applying the method. The actual selection of variables is also a study
limitation, which was of an opening nature to research in this scope and may be disputable.
Originality/value – This paper provides the original methodology of the GREMI index for countries
joining the EU from 2004 onwards.
Keywords Glocal real estate market (GREM), Glocal real estate market index (GREMI), Locality,
Glocality, Globality
Paper type Research paper
1. Introduction
In recent years, the real estate market became an important segment of national economies
around the world [1][2]. Its significance can be attributed to the social and economic role of
real estate in a market economy. Real estate has twokey functions, namely, it is a place of
residence and a capital investment (Łaszek, 2004). Real estate can also be used as collateral
in mortgage loan transactions (Sommervoll et al., 2010). The former aspect is related to
geographical space (selected location), whereas the latter concerns economic space (every
location in the world). Therefore, the location of real estate and the localisation of a function,
Glocal real
estate market
Received 17 September 2019
Revised 28 January 2020
20 April 2020
2 June 2020
15 June 2020
Accepted 16 June 2020
Journal of European Real Estate
Research
© Emerald Publishing Limited
1753-9269
DOI 10.1108/JERER-09-2019-0031
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