Journal of Policy Research, 9(1), 64-71. https://jprpk.com https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7773500 64 A Corpus Based Study of Anglicism: Neologism in Urdu Through Phono-Semantic Matching Saadia Rasheed 1 , Maria Isabel Maldonado Garcia 2 Abstract The study finds impact of Anglicism as a result of language contact and technological advancement in the Urdu newspaper ‘The Daily Jang’. Language contact allows speakers to transfer new words from source language to target language. Phono semantic matching words are borrowed neologisms which retain their approximate sound and meaning. The neologism expressions such as words having Phono-Semantic Matching (PSM) do not at once get acceptance in monolingual dictionaries of Urdu. The morphological system of Urdu allows certain types of inflections to PSM words in the target language. This study explores such data in order to create a corpus for bilingual dictionary of Urdu using Zuckerman’s model (2003) for PSM. Data is collected from the Daily Jang newspaper since September 2021 to November 2021. Types of PSM included for analytical categories are PSM through preexistent form, Incestuous PSM by semantic shifting and PSM introducing a new form and partial PSM. The results show that the most productive PSM found in Urdu neologisms is introducing a new form and partial PSM. Keywords: Neologism, Phono-Semantic Matching (PSM), Urdu Morphology 1. Introduction In the era of technological and cultural modifications every living being continues to coin new notions. The entanglement of life in the progress of substantial and divine native or foreign cultural products is an enduring phenomenon. Therefore, the need of new word formation is intensely required in more advanced cultural and technological transformation since the 18 th century (Rosenhouse & Kowner 2008). The internet and the advent of social media give rise to mixing of languages. The predominant impact of English language in non-academic discourses specifically cause linguistic intrusion such as borrowing. Borrowing is an umbrella term for not only single words, but it also includes phenomena such as hybridization and phono semantic matching (PSM). The influence of English language on any other recipient language is called Anglicism, which consequently introduces newly coined expressions into the target language. The contact of two languages resulting in any semantic change of a word which already exists in the recipient language, is also a domain of neologism. Hence, in Anglicization of Urdu, the effects of linguistics norms of English are included as a part of neologism. Semantic Anglicism focuses on the output instead of the structure, which is not independent of the output (Picone, M.D 1996). Similarly, the effect of Anglicism on French language, manifests itself by showing English structural influence on French words. Hence, a framework of identifying neologism must incorporate both semantic and structural influence of English on other languages. 1.1. Neologism Neologism means the inclusion of any newly coined word, borrowed word, part of a word or new sound or meaning given to an existing word of a recipient language (Picone, 1996). Mostovy (1993) defines neologism as a linguistic unit which adds a new notion to a word. A more inclusive definition of neologism given by Akhmanova (2007, p.265) in the dictionary of linguistics terms includes its two types. The first definition constitutes a word or phrase as neologism. The second part states that it is a new word which is dissociated nationally and supposed as inferior discourse styles (Levchenko, 2010, p. 55). Therefore, for the inclusion of a word in a dictionary it has to occur frequently in a text. (Fischer, 1998.p.3). In other words, “Neologisms are like casting show winners” (Kerrremans, 2016. p.14). Lexicographers consider those words as novel words which have not yet found their place in English dictionaries. Algeo (1991, p. 4) believes that any word or morpheme not documented in any general dictionary is said to be new. Yartseva proposes that “neologisms are words, word meanings or collocations that appeared in a certain period in a language or that once use in a text or speech act ” (p.279). Lexcicogenes is is a term interchangeably used for neological and lexical productivity (Tournier 1985, 1991, Picone, (1996). According to Cook (2010, p.12) lexicogenes is in a particular language involves three functions; coinage of new constructions, labelling new meaning to existing form of word, and forming more categories. The example of first kind of lexicogenes is is given as webisode for web episode. The second category is explained with the words coming from Middle Ages for instance “circuit and digital” into the computer age. The third kind is exemplified by the formation of verb “to google” from noun Google (Ahmed, 2000). The Dutch linguist M. Janssen points out five parameters for any word to be a neologism. This includes psychological, lexicographic, exclusive, and diachronic definitions. For a language community, a newly perceived word is new, for 1 PhD Scholar, University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan 2 Professor, Head of Institute of Languages and Linguistics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan