CLINICAL TECHNIQUES AND TECHNOLOGY
Modified supracricoid laryngectomy
Aldo Garozzo, MD, Eugenia Allegra, MD, Alessandro La Boria, MD, and
Nicola Lombardo, MD, Catanzaro, Italy
No sponsorships or competing interests have been disclosed for
this article.
S
upracricoid laryngectomy in its most common modali-
ties, cricohyoidopexy (CHP)
1
and cricohyoidoepiglot-
topexy (CHEP),
2
is a conservative surgical technique whose
principal objective is the natural restoration of the respira-
tory function. However, both swallowing and phonation
undergo important modifications.
3
The objective of this
study was to maintain the surgical strategy of supracricoid
laryngectomy while focusing on reconstruction of the glot-
tic plane. An essential part of the study was to recreate the
anatomical conditions that allow phonation using the ster-
nohyoid muscles for neoglottis reconstruction.
Subjects
Fourteen consecutive patients affected by laryngeal carci-
noma and treated with supracricoid laryngectomy (11 pa-
tients with CHEP, 3 patients with CHP) between 2003 and
2007 were selected for this prospective study. The protocol
was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Magna
Graecia University of Catanzaro, Italy. All the patients were
informed of the benefits, risks, and complications of this
surgical technique and its alternatives before they gave their
informed consent.
All the patients were men, and their ages ranged from 45
to 75 years (mean 58.5 years). Nine patients had stage T1b
cancer, seven of whom were treated with CHEP and two
with CHP. Five patients had stage T2 cancer, four of whom
were treated with CHEP and one with CHP. All the patients
had mobile vocal cords and the arytenoids were preserved.
They were clinically and radiologically N0.
Surgical Technique
In all patients, a preliminary tracheostomy was performed at
the fourth to fifth tracheal ring under general anesthesia. A
collar incision incorporating the tracheostomy was per-
formed; the incision extended from the anterior border of
the sternomastoid muscle on one side to the anterior border
of the sternomastoid muscle on the other side. The skin
incision was deepened through the platysma, the upper skin
flap was elevated until the hyoid bone was exposed, and the
lower skin flap was elevated to the inferior border of the
cricoid.
The midline fascia was incised to expose the strap mus-
cles. The sternohyoid muscles on both sides were isolated
and detached from the hyoid bone, leaving their inferior
vascularization intact. Each sternohyoid muscle was fash-
ioned into a tubular shape with 4-0 Vicryl (Johnson &
Johnson, Belgium). Both inferior constrictor muscles
along the oblique line of the thyroid cartilage were
transected, and the superior neurovascular pedicle was
identified and used to ligate the superior laryngeal artery
and vein, preserving the superior laryngeal nerve. After
transection of the cricothyroid muscles, the cricothyroid
membrane was incised to detach the thyroid cartilage
from the cricoid cartilage. The thyroid cartilage was
removed with or without the epiglottis (CHP or CHEP,
respectively) by transecting the inferior horn 1 cm from
the cricoid to protect the recurrent laryngeal nerve.
The sternohyoid muscles, prepared previously, were linked
on the midline. They were then placed bilaterally onto the
Received May 4, 2009; revised September 6, 2009; accepted September 23, 2009.
Figure 1 The sternohyoid muscles were placed bilaterally on
the free margins of the cricoid and anchored to the vocal apophysis
of the arytenoids.
Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (2010) 142, 137-139
0194-5998/$36.00 © 2010 American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery Foundation. All rights reserved.
doi:10.1016/j.otohns.2009.09.020