© 2020 |Published by Scholars Middle East Publishers, Dubai, United Arab Emirates 176
Saudi Journal of Economics and Finance
Abbreviated Key Title: Saudi J Econ Fin
ISSN 2523-9414 (Print) |ISSN 2523-6563 (Online)
Scholars Middle East Publishers, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Journal homepage: http://saudijournals.com/sjef/
Original Research Article
Fundamental Analysis of Financial Ratios on Stock Prices
Deden Tarmidi
1*
, Rachmat Pramukty
2
, Taufik Akbar
1
1
Universitas Mercu Buana, Jakarta, Indonesia
2
Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya, Jakarta, Indonesia
DOI: 10.36348/sjef.2020.v04i05.003 | Received: 17.05.2020 | Accepted: 26.05.2020 | Published: 28.05.2020
*Corresponding author: Deden Tarmidi
Abstract
This study is a follow-up study of research on stock prices that have been conducted by researchers, but this research
focuses on the fundamental analysis of the impact of financial ratios before and after being published on stock prices. As
in the signal theory that management will always try to give a positive signal to the market to be captured well so as to
increase the value of the company which is reflected in the entity's stock price on the exchange, one of which is by
publishing financial statements. This study analyzes more deeply the effect of financial ratios including Return On Assets
(ROA), Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) on stock prices before and after the publication of
financial statements. Using panel data with STATA, it was found that the effect of ROA and NPM on stock prices after
publication was stronger than before publication, while the effect of DER was found to be the opposite. With these
results concluded that financial ratios are still one of the benchmarks used by investors in their transactions in the stock
market.
Keywords: Stock Prices, ROA, NPM, DER.
Copyright @ 2020: This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license which permits unrestricted
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial use (NonCommercial, or CC-BY-NC) provided the original author and source
are credited.
INTRODUCTION
At present, shares are an investment choice for
the public or investors because they provide substantial
profits. However, behind large profits, there is also a
large risk or often known as high risk high return. Every
person who invests, must be prepared to accept risk, not
only expecting profit. The condition of stock prices on
the exchange will not always be stable, the price of
these shares will increase or decrease every day or even
in a matter of minutes. Investors must also be observant
in reading the financial statements published by the
company.
With the ups and downs of stock prices on the
exchange, investors need techniques in choosing
companies to invest their shares in these companies. It
is very important for market participants to know how
to analyze stocks. This stock analysis is needed because
in investing investors always deal with the stock market.
In analyzing these shares the investor first knows the
fundamental aspects of the stock. The fundamental
aspects of the stock are related to financial performance,
the company's industry, including the company's
revenue and sales structure. In addition to taking a
fundamental approach, investors can also approach the
stock analysis through a technical approach. How to
analyze stocks based on fundamental and technical
approaches is a capital analysis that many investors do
in predicting stock prices on the Indonesia Stock
Exchange [1].
Until now, financial ratios are still widely used
by investors in analyzing entity stock prices because
financial ratios are one of the measuring tools in
assessing financial condition and company performance
[2]. Some financial ratios that are widely analyzed in
assessing stock prices are profitability ratios with
Return on Assets (ROA) and Net Profit Margin (NPM)
indicators, leverage ratios with Debt to Equity Ratio
(DER) indicators.
Research on the effect of Return On Assets
(ROA) on stock prices has been conducted by Octaviani
& Komalasarai [3] and Purnamasari [4] found a positive
effect of Return On Assets (ROA) on stock prices. In
addition, not a few studies have analyzed the effect of
Net Profit Margin (NPM) on stock prices. Dita &
Murtaqi [5] found a positive influence on Net Profit
Margin (NPM) on stock prices, while Kusmayadi, et al.
[6] found a negative effect of NPM on stock returns.