Urethroplasty for failed hypospadias repair: A matched cohort analysis Nicolaas Lumen a, *, Piet Hoebeke a , Ellen Deschepper b , Erik Van Laecke a , Karel De Caestecker a , Willem Oosterlinck a a Department of Urology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium b Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium Received 21 December 2009; accepted 9 April 2010 Available online 8 June 2010 KEYWORDS Urethroplasty; Hypospadias; Urethra; Graft; Flap Abstract Objective: To determine the outcome of urethroplasty for failed hypospadias repair and to compare this with a matched cohort of patients treated with urethroplasty for other reasons. Patients and methods: Between January 2000 and August 2007, 25 patients with a failed hypo- spadias repair were treated with urethroplasty (A). This cohort of patients was matched with a cohort of 25 patients who underwent urethroplasty for other reasons (B). The patients were matched for stricture location, stricture length, duration of follow up and type of urethro- plasty. The outcomes were analysed and compared. A P-value < 0.05 was considered statisti- cally significant. Results: There were no significant differences between the two cohorts in stricture location, stricture length, follow up and previous interventions. Patients in cohort A however were significantly younger. The surgical technique used was exactly the same in A and B. Failure was observed in 7 patients (28%) in A compared to 4 patients (16%) in B (P Z 0.45). Conclusions: Although a higher failure rate was observed after failed hypospadias repair, this is not proof of a worse outcome for urethroplasty after failed hypospadias repair due to the lack of statistical significance. ª 2010 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Introduction Failed hypospadias repair is a challenge for the pediatric and reconstructive urologist. One of the causes is the formation of a urethral stricture at the reconstructed meatus and/or urethra. Meatal and urethral stenosis is reported as a complication needing a reoperation (meato- plasty and/or urethroplasty) after hypospadias repair in * Corresponding author. Tel.: þ32 9 332 22 76; fax: þ32 9 332 3889. E-mail address: lumennicolaas@hotmail.com (N. Lumen). Journal of Pediatric Urology (2011) 7, 170e173 1477-5131/$36 ª 2010 Journal of Pediatric Urology Company. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.jpurol.2010.04.013