Copyright © Italian Federation of Cardiology. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.
An uncommon case of right-sided throat pain and
swallow syncope
Enrico Favaretto, Nella Schenal, Nicola Russo, Gianfranco Buja, Sabino Iliceto
and Claudio Bilato
A 63-year-old man presented with recurrent syncopal
attacks associated with swallowing and right-sided throat
pain. Immediately after admission, he presented a 16-s
asystolia. The patient’s clinical history was unremarkable
except for previous postimplant periodontitis. Several
episodes of severe bradycardia and sinus pauses, always
associated with painful deglutition, were recorded
subsequently. X-ray orthopanthomography and magnetic
resonance imaging of the neck confirmed several areas of
periodontitis around the previous dental implants and right
mastoid inflammation. A barium swallow and fibre-optic
endoscopy also revealed a small sliding hiatus hernia and
distal chronic oesophageal inflammation. Despite complete
dental curettage, antibiotics and antigastro-oesophageal
reflux therapy, only partial relief of the pain and incomplete
resolution of the arrhythmic disorder were obtained after 3
weeks, and the patient underwent pacemaker implantation.
At 1-month follow-up, however, he reported the complete
relief of the throat pain; subsequent Holter monitoring
showed normal sinus rhythm, without pacemaker-induced
electrical activity. J Cardiovasc Med 9:1152–1155 Q 2008
Italian Federation of Cardiology.
Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine 2008, 9:1152–1155
Keywords: autonomic disorders, bradyarrhythmia, neurally mediated
syncope, swallow syncope
Division of Cardiology, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences,
University of Padova, Padova, Italy
Correspondence to Dr Claudio Bilato, MD, PhD, Division of Cardiology,
Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova,
Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
Tel: +39 49 8211844; fax: +39 49 8761764;
e-mail: claudio.bilato@sanita.padova.it
Received 17 April 2008 Revised 20 June 2008
Accepted 4 July 2008
Introduction
Swallow syncope is a rare disorder characterized by
sudden transient loss of consciousness during or soon
after swallowing [1]. It is nowadays considered as a form
of neurally mediated syncope, characterized by a reflex-
mediated withdrawal of sympathetic tone and increase in
vagal tone, resulting in sinus bradyarrhythmias [2].
We report an unusual case of syncope associated with
prolonged sinus pauses secondary to painful swallowing
during throat inflammation and lasting more than
1 month.
Case report
A 63-year-old man was referred to our department
because of multiple, recurrent near and syncopal epi-
sodes. Clinical history did not reveal previous relevant
cardiac events or preexisting cardiovascular diseases. The
patient was a mild smoker and was not taking any
medications. He reported dental implant procedures 5
years before, complicated by several episodes of period-
ontitis in the following years. A few days before admis-
sion, he began to experience severe throat pain and
painful deglutition, followed by profound weakness
and dizziness, lasting a few seconds. Because of the
severity of the symptoms, he was admitted to the emer-
gency room of another hospital. During electrocardio-
gram (ECG) monitoring, tracts of severe bradycardia and
sinus arrest (up to 6 s) were recorded, always simul-
taneously with swallowing. An otolaryngology examin-
ation showed inflammation of the pharynx and signs of
gastro-oesophageal reflux. A computed tomography scan
of the neck did not reveal significant alterations. The
patient was then referred to our department. On admis-
sion, the patient’s heart rate was 55 beats per minute
(bpm); systemic blood pressure was 110/70 mmHg (with-
out postural fall). The patient was haemodynamically
stable. Physical examination confirmed hyperaemia of
the pharynx; cardiac findings and other physiological
examinations were unremarkable. Haematological and
biochemical tests revealed mild anaemia (haemoglobin
13.5 g/dl), moderate increase of plasma uric acid, sub-
clinical hyperthyroidism and mild elevation of plasma
C-reactive protein. Liver and renal function, lipid and
other metabolic parameters and electrolyte concentrations
were normal. Microbiology tests were negative. Twelve-
lead ECG showed sinus rhythm without any relevant
alterations. Chest X-ray did not reveal any significant
Case report
1558-2027 ß 2008 Italian Federation of Cardiology DOI:10.2459/JCM.0b013e32830f42b1