Economies 2022, 10, 79. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies10040079 www.mdpi.com/journal/economies Article Formation of Infrastructure Provision for Personnel Needs in Gas and Petrochemical Cluster: The Case of Iran Sara Mehrab Daniali 1, *, Farzin Mohammadbeigi Khortabi 2 , Sergey Evgenievich Barykin 1, *, Irina Vasilievna Kapustina 1 , Anna Burova 3 , Natalya Ostrovskaya 3 , Anton Lisin 4 and Tatiana Gennadievna Shulzhenko 5 1 Graduate School of Service and Trade, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, 195251 St. Petersburg, Russia; ivk65@list.ru 2 Institute of Industrial Management, State University of Management, 109542 Moscow, Russia; f_b258@yahoo.com 3 Department of Management, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg Branch, 125993 Moscow, Russia; ayuburova@fa.ru (A.B.); nvostrovskaya@fa.ru (N.O.) 4 Financial Faculty, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow 124167, Russia; mrfoxv@list.ru 5 Department of Logistics and Supply Chain Management, St. Petersburg State University of Economics, 191023 Saint Petersburg, Russia; shul‐tatiana@yandex.com * Correspondence: sara_danial64@yahoo.com (S.M.D.); sbe@list.ru (S.E.B.) Abstract: The problem of staffing the gas and petrochemical cluster is acutely raised in all oil‐pro‐ ducing states. This article’s purpose is to study program‐targeted and problem‐oriented approaches to forming infrastructure provision for personnel needs in Iran’s gas and petrochemical cluster. Their peculiarity is that they belong to natural monopolies characterized by a high level of capital concentration. In this study, two approaches were identified to form infrastructure provision for the needs of personnel in the cluster. The first approach, program‐targeted, relies on developing pro‐ grams to overcome the lack of qualified specialists. The second approach, problem‐oriented, con‐ siders the causes of the problem itself and the ways to prevent it. Based on the results of the study, several conclusions can be drawn. First, the traditional understanding of human resources infra‐ structure is insufficient to develop Iran’s gas and petrochemical cluster (GPC). Secondly, for the successful development of social production, it is necessary to adequately develop infrastructure, the technical and economic justification of all processes, and to focus the entire industry on endog‐ enous factors of scientific, technical, and socio‐economic progress. Finally, the most critical issue in the system is the issue of staffing each stage with employees of mass professions, engineering, and scientific personnel, specialists in the field of economics, organization, and management, and exec‐ utives of various levels. Keywords: gas and petrochemical cluster; program‐targeted; problem‐oriented; personnel need 1. Introduction There is a historical need in Iran’s gas and petrochemical industry formation and de‐ velopment to solve many problems, their complication, and the development of implemen‐ tation methods. One of the fundamental problems is the problem of staffing for the needs of the gas and petrochemical cluster (GPC), taking into account the continuous improve‐ ment of qualifications, the development of the terminology, professions, specialties, and specializations, workers of mass professions, engineering and scientific personnel, as well as managers of all levels of management. The solution to these problems requires the pur‐ poseful development of infrastructure and its main components—industrial, social, house‐ hold, and institutional. Citation: Daniali, Sara Mehrab, Farzin Mohammadbeigi Khortabi, Sergey Evgenievich Barykin, Irina Vasilievna Kapustina, Anna Burova, Natalya Ostrovskaya, Anton Lisin and Tatiana Gennadievna Shulzhenko. 2022. Formation of Infrastructure Provision for Personnel Needs in Gas and Petrochemical Cluster: The Case of Iran. Economies 10: 79. https://doi.org/10.3390/ economies10040079 Academic Editor: Wadim Strielkowski Received: 25 January 2022 Accepted: 22 March 2022 Published: 25 March 2022 Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neu‐ tral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institu‐ tional affiliations. Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Li‐ censee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and con‐ ditions of the Creative Commons At‐ tribution (CC BY) license (http://crea‐ tivecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).