Energy Research Journal 1 (2): 158-164, 2010
ISSN 1949-0151
© 2010 Science Publications
Corresponding Author: Jasim M. Rajab, School of Physics, University Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
Tel: +604-6533888 Fax: +604-6579150
158
Daily distribution Map of Ozone (O
3
) from AIRS over Southeast Asia
Jasim M. Rajab, M.Z. MatJafri, H.S. Lim and K. Abdullah
School of Physics, University Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
Abstract: Problem statement: Daily retrieved Ozone (O
3
) column data for 12 day for periods
varying (11-18 August) 2005 and 2003 and (12-19 February) 2005, obtained from the Atmospheric
Infrared Sounder AIRS, are utilized to investigate the ozone distribution over the Southeast Asia.
Approach: AIRS included on the Earth Observing System (EOS) Aqua satellite launched on 4 May
2002. Ozone (O
3
) is the gas that naturally present in our atmosphere and is a critical atmospheric trace
species in the stratosphere and troposphere. Most ozone resides in the stratosphere. Ozone can be
“good” or “bad” for your health and the environment. Closer to Earth, in the air we breathe, Ozone is a
harmful pollutant that causes damage to lung tissue and plants; it is a major constituent of smog.
Results: The aim of this study was to investigate Daily Distribution map and Indonesia forest fires
influences on O
3
over Peninsular Malaysia and Thailand. The land use map of the study area was
conducted by using total column O
3
obtained from AIRS/Aqua Level 3 Daily (AIRX3STD) 1×1°
spatial resolution ascending Standard, are used to study the O
3
distribution and the impact of Indonesia
forest fire. Considerable variations demonstrate annual changes in rainfall and drought patterns in
various seasons (dry and wet season). Note such variations in the Ozone emissions over study area,
while highest O
3
occurs over Industrial, congested urban zones and existence of Swamps and lakes
during dry season and a greater draw down of O
3
occurs in the pristine marine environment over Surat
Thani during wet seasons. Conclusion/Recommendations: In particular, we observe a quasi-biennial
variation in O
3
emissions from study area with two contrary cases, the higher concentrations around
the equatorial regions at dry season and less at wet season. Examining satellite measurements, we find
the enhanced O
3
emission correlates with occasions of less rainfall during dry season.
Key words: AIRS, ozone, peninsular Malaysia, AMSU, Indonesia forest fires
INTRODUCTION
Many gases occur naturally in the atmosphere while
others are synthetic, due to the industrial revolution
began in the mid 1700s, both the natural and man-made
Atmospheric concentrations gases have been raising over
the last few centuries. Tropospheric ozone is central and
highly reactive to many chemical transformations.
Stratospheric ozone forms a protective shield that
absorbs enough solar ultraviolet radiations to make life
possible on the surface of the earth (Bian et al., 2007).
Ozone (O
3
) is the gas that naturally present in our
atmosphere and because of its good absorption of
infrared radiation it considered an important and
essential greenhouse gases. In the presence of sunlight
when emissions of Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) combined
with emissions of Hydrocarbons (HC), including
volatile organic compounds (VOCs), react to form
ozone (O
3
) (Morris et al., 2006). There, about 90% of
atmospheric ozone is contained in the "Ozone layer,"
which shields us from harmful ultraviolet radiation
from the Sun (Stephen, NASA) Stratospheric ozone is
considered good for humans and other life forms
because it absorbs Ultraviolet (UV)-B radiation from
the Sun. In humans, increased exposure to UV radiation
can lead to more cases of skin cancer, cataracts and
impaired immune systems. Excessive UV exposure also
can damage terrestrial plant life, single-cell organisms
and aquatic ecosystems. Other UV radiation, UV-A,
which is not absorbed significantly by ozone, causes
premature aging of the skin (Fahey, 2007). In the
Earth’s lower atmosphere, near ground level, ozone is
formed when pollutants emitted by cars, power plants,
industrial boilers, refineries, chemical plants and other
sources react chemically in the presence of sunlight,
which led to increases in the concentrations of chlorine,
bromine, nitrogen and hydrogen radicals in the
stratosphere (Clerbaux et al., 2003). Ozone at ground
level is a harmful pollutant that causes damage to lung
tissue and plants and other living systems because