Remedy Publications LLC., | http://clinicsinoncology.com/ Clinics in Oncology 2021 | Volume 6 | Article 1850 1 In Vivo Study: Chemopreventive Effects of Nigella sativa (Black Cumin) Against Cyclophosphamide and Buthionine- SR-Sulfoximine Provoked Bladder Toxicity OPEN ACCESS *Correspondence: Bechr Hamrita, Virology & Antiviral Strategies Research Unit UR17ES30 (ViroBiotech), Higher Institute of Biotechnology, University of Monastir, BP 74, Tahar HADDED Street, Monastir 5000, Tunisia, Tel: 00 216 99554508; E-mail: bechrhamrita@yahoo.fr Received Date: 15 Jul 2021 Accepted Date: 24 Aug 2021 Published Date: 27 Aug 2021 Citation: Hamrita B, Rouissi K, Hamed SB, Haf F, Elayeb R, Achour S. In Vivo Study: Chemopreventive Effects of Nigella sativa (Black Cumin) Against Cyclophosphamide and Buthionine-SR- Sulfoximine Provoked Bladder Toxicity. Clin Oncol. 2021; 6: 1850. ISSN: 2474-1663 Copyright © 2021 Bechr Hamrita. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Research Article Published: 27 Aug, 2021 Abstract Aims: Bladder toxicity is one of the major toxicity efects associated with cancer chemotherapeutic treatments with Cyclophosphamide (CP) and Buthionine-SR-Sulfoximine (BSO). In the current study, we utilized a Swiss albino mouse model to investigate the efects of Nigella sativa seeds (NSE) pre-treatment on the urotoxicity produced by acute concentrations of CP and Buthionine-SR- Sulfoximine (BSO). Methods: To evaluate the toxicity modulation, we carried out several measurements such as Lipid Peroxidation (LPO), Peroxide Hydrogen production (H 2 O 2 ), and antioxidants in the urinary bladder of the mice. Results: Te fndings revealed that NSE pre-treatment induced a protective efect in terms of LPO, H 2 O 2 and enzymatic antioxidant activities. Te levels of Glutathione S-Transferase (GST), Glutathione Reductase (GR), Glutathione Peroxidase (GP), and Catalase (CAT) in mice exposed to CP were signifcantly lower than in controls. Te data obtained also show a decrease in Glutathione (GSH) levels and an increase in LPO activity in the CP-treated mice group. BSO treatment has shown an additive toxic impact in CP-treated mice. Our fndings emphasize NSE's ability to restore enzymatic activity and hence provide protection against CP and BSO. Conclusion: From the outcome of our investigation, it is possible to conclude that NSE has a powerful preventive efect against CP and BSO urotoxcicity. As a pre-treatment, NSE restores GSH which might contribute to the CP-induced apoptosis reversal and the free radical-mediated LPO. Keywords: Cyclophosphamide; BSO; Urotoxicity; Nigella sativa; Mice Bechr Hamrita 1 * # , Kamel Rouissi 2# , Sabrine Ben Hamed 1 , Ferdaws Haf 3 , Rania Elayeb 4 and Sami Achour 4 1 Virology & Antiviral Strategies Research Unit UR17ES30 (ViroBiotech), University of Monastir, Tunisia 2 Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology, and Human Pathology, University of El Manar I, Tunisia 3 Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Tunisia 4 Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia # These authors contributed equally to this work Introduction Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and represents a troublesome burden on patients and their relatives as well as on societies and health care systems. Diferent cures and therapies, such as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, have been suggested to counteract this fatal disease. In spite of the signifcant advances in the feld of cancer treatment, each of these therapies is associated with a number of vexing side efects. Surgeries have ofen been blamed for causing bodily mutilations and dysfunctions; radiation and chemotherapeutic treatments have frequently been reproached for entailing traumatic side efects, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, in addition to losses of appetite, weight, and hair. Cyclophosphamide (CP) and Buthionine-SR-Sulfoximine (BSO) represent the two most commonly recommended medications for cancer treatment. CP is the most widely utilized alkylating anticancer agent in anti-neoplastic to treat both malignant and non-malignant disorders, despite its hazardous immunotoxicity, hematotoxicity, and mutagenicity [1,2]. Various studies report that CP can be linked to cardiac damage, carcinogenicity, and even hemorrhagic cystitis [2]. It has been observed in the literature that CP ofen leads to extensive tissue damage and lung toxicity [3]. Tis alkylating agent has also been reported to cause urological cytotoxicity and hemorrhagic cystitis