~ 595 ~ International Journal of Applied Dental Sciences 2020; 6(3): 595-600 ISSN Print: 2394-7489 ISSN Online: 2394-7497 IJADS 2020; 6(3): 595-600 © 2020 IJADS www.oraljournal.com Received: 05-05-2020 Accepted: 10-06-2020 Somnath De Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Panskura Banamali College Autonomous, West Bengal, India Meholy Bandyopadhyay Student, Department of Biotechnology, Panskura Banamali College Autonomous, West Bengal, India Madhumita Pramanik Student, Department of Biotechnology, Panskura Banamali College Autonomous, West Bengal, India Subham Rana Student, Department of Biotechnology, Panskura Banamali College Autonomous, West Bengal, India Anushka Goswami Student, Department of Biotechnology, Panskura Banamali College Autonomous, West Bengal, India Somenath Dutta Student, Department of Biotechnology, Panskura Banamali College Autonomous, West Bengal, India Adrinil Das Student, DAV Public School, Midnapore, West Bengal, India Dr. Dulal Chandra Das Principal, K.D. College of Commerce and General Studies, West Bengal, India Corresponding Author: Dr. Dulal Chandra Das Principal, K.D. College of Commerce and General Studies, West Bengal, India Investigation of the antibacterial efficiency of toothpastes used against dental pathogens Somnath De, Meholy Bandyopadhyay, Madhumita Pramanik, Subham Rana, Anushka Goswami, Somenath Dutta, Adrinil Das and Dr. Dulal Chandra Das DOI: https://doi.org/10.22271/oral.2020.v6.i3i.1013 Abstract Toothpastes are dental as well as oral hygiene determiners, quality and quantity of toothpaste being the two cardinal points to control the dental health and also the oral hygiene. Dental health deteriorated for dental plaque, dental caries, and periodontal diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria. Toothpaste kill and erase the bacteria from the surface of the teeth and oral cavity but all the toothpastes have not similar antibacterial activity. Four types of toothpaste: Colgate, Close-up, Dabur-Red and Glister were used to observe the comparative antibacterial efficiency considering quality and quantity or doses concentration in an investigation. Experiments were done several times, sound the effective results were observed from Dabur-Red toothpaste in comparison to other toothpastes. Future details research will also open a new avenue to formulate the quality and the dose’s concentration of the best toothpaste for next generation. Keywords: Dental health, dental plaque, Dental caries, periodontal disease, zone of inhibition, toothpastes 1. Introduction Dental problem is a global problem of human beings due to dental biofilms which are generally a complex community of microorganisms grow on the surface of teeth [1] . Near about 500 bacterial strains have been reported to deteriorate the dental health [2] . The most common dental health problem occurring human communities are dental plaque, dental caries and periodontal diseases [3] . Dental plaque is a sticky, colorless films composed of 300-500 cells thick the bacterial cells from the surface of teeth [4] , damage the tooth enamel and subsequently causes severe gum disease gingivitis. Streptococcus mutants and Streptococcus sanguinis the two bacterial strain mainly involved for dental plaque formation. Dental carries are due to the destruction of calcium enamels of teeth by the organic acids formed during the carbohydrate metabolism in presence of pathogenic oral bacteria resulting the appearance of black spots on the teeth and also causes severe pain on the gum and emit bad order [5] . Periodontal diseases caused by bacteria affect the supporting structure of teeth like gingival, cementum, periodontal membrane and alveolar bone. Streptococci, Actinomycetes, Spherocytes and Bacteroides are responsible for this. Eradication of oral microbes is the only means to maintain oral hygiene and dental health. In the ancient past there was no concept about the maintenance of the oral hygiene. In the medieval ages fine sand and pumice were used by the Arabians to clean the teeth. During mid-nineteenth century human beings used different abrasives, green lead and incense to clean the strain from the teeth. In 1950, Dr. Washington Wentworth Sheffield a dental surgeon and chemist first discovered toothpaste to remove the oral microbes after which a great revolution occurred in the path of evolution of modern toothpastes up till now [2] . The credit of the toothpaste depends upon its efficiency to eliminate pathogenic oral microflora, inhibitory role on plaque formation, ability to prevent caries initiation, the power to prevent the initiation of periodontal disease, high cleaning property and can improve the shiny nature of the teeth [6] . So many herbal and non-herbal toothpastes have been developed by adding different ingredients time to time but many of them are under a matter of interrogation regarding the efficiency and quality in terms of various components [7-14] . We have an attempt to investigate the comparative efficiency of antimicrobial activity of four branded quality of toothpastes (Colgate, Close-Up, Dabur-Red, and Glister) available in the