Research Article Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections and Catheter Colonization among Haemodialysis Patients: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes Shamira Shahar , 1 Ruslinda Mustafar, 1 Lydia Kamaruzaman, 1 Petrick Periyasamy, 1 Kiew Bing Pau, 2 and Ramliza Ramli 3 1 Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia 2 Department of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia 3 Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia Correspondence should be addressed to Shamira Shahar; shamira.shahar@gmail.com Received 23 February 2021; Accepted 13 June 2021; Published 21 June 2021 Academic Editor: Tej Mattoo Copyright © 2021 Shamira Shahar et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Introduction. Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) and catheter colonization (CC) are two complications among hae- modialysis (HD) patients that lead to increased morbidity and mortality. is study aims to evaluate the prevalence of CRBSI and CC among HD patients registered at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre and to identify the factors involved by focusing on the demographic profile of the patients as well as their clinical characteristics and outcomes. Method. is is a retrospective study of end- stage renal disease patients with suspected CRBSI during the period from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018. Data on patients who fulfilled the blood culture criteria for CRBSI and CC diagnosis were further analysed for clinical manifestations, comorbidities, history of dialysis, catheter characteristics, and microbiological culture results. e outcomes of CRBSI and CC were also assessed. Findings. In the 3-year period under study, there were 496 suspected CRBSI cases with a total of 175 events in 119 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. During that time, the percentage of patients who experienced CRBSI and CC was 4.2% and 4.8%, respectively. e majority of the cohort consisted of male (59.4%), Malay ethnicity (75%), and patients on a tunnelled dialysis catheter (83%). Patients who were fistula na¨ ıve and had an internal jugular catheter were more common in the CRBSI group than in the CC group. e predominant microorganisms that were isolated were Gram-positive organisms. In terms of clinical presentation and outcome, no differences were found between the CRBSI and CC groups. Patients with Gram-negative bacteraemia, high initial c-reactive protein, and catheter salvation were likely to have poor outcomes. Recurrence of CRBSI occurred in 31% of the cohort. Neither catheter salvation nor antibiotic-lock therapy were associated with the recurrence of CRBSI. On the other hand, the femoral vein catheter site was associated with risk of recurrence. e overall mortality rate was 1.1%. Discussion. From the analysis, it was concluded that clinical assessment and positive culture are crucial in diagnosing CRBSI with or without peripheral culture. is study provides essential information for the local setting which will enable healthcare providers to implement measures for the better management of CRBSI. 1. Introduction Chronic kidney disease is a major public health issue and a significant economic burden [1]. e prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is increasing exponentially in Malaysia [2]. e main renal replacement therapy modality in Malaysia is haemodialysis (HD), and the majority of ESRD patients receive dialysis at stand-alone dialysis centres. e tunnelled dialysis catheter (TDC) is an important method of vascular access in patients with chronic HD, especially in a Hindawi International Journal of Nephrology Volume 2021, Article ID 5562690, 9 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5562690