Research Article
Improving the Genetics of Tuber Yield and Resistance to Mite to
Avoid Mite Incident and to Increase the Productivity of Cassava
(Manihot esculenta Crantz)
Sholihin ,
1
Sri W. Indiati ,
1
Kartika Noerwijati ,
1
Tinuk S. Wahyuni ,
1
Heru Kuswantoro ,
1
Suhartina ,
1
Rudy Soehendi ,
1
Marida S. Y. I. Bayu ,
1
Gatut W. A. Sutanto ,
1
Made J. Mejaya ,
1
and Rohmad Budiono
2
1
Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute, Jl. Raya Kendalpayak, Km 8, P.O. Box 66, Malang 65101,
East Java, Indonesia
2
Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology East Java, Indonesian Agency for Agriculture Research and Development,
Ministry of Agriculture, Malang, Indonesia
Correspondence should be addressed to Made J. Mejaya; mmejaya@yahoo.com
Received 3 December 2021; Revised 9 May 2022; Accepted 25 May 2022; Published 16 June 2022
Academic Editor: Mehdi Rahimi
Copyright © 2022 Sholihin et al. is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Mite (Tetranychus urticae) that attacks the cassava plants during dry season can reduce the yield up to 53%, depending on plant age
and duration of attacks. e objective of the trial was to evaluate the cassava promising clones for tuber root yield and mite
resistance. e field trial was done in Malang, East Java, Indonesia, in 2018 with fifteen clones using a randomized complete block
design, with three replications. e glass house experiment for mite evaluation was done in Malang in 2018. A total of fifteen
clones were used in this glass house trial. Infestation of mite (imago) was done 1 month after plating with 15 mites/pot on the
lower part of the fourth or fifth leaf. Results of the field experiment showed that there was a genetic variability in the clones tested.
e fresh tuber yield in 10 months ranged 30.33–55.67 t/ha with mean 41.34 t/ha. e fresh tuber yield of clone OMM 0915-11 was
the highest of 55.67 t/ha. e tuber result of clone UJ5d50-207-3 similar to OMM 0915-11 and significantly higher than check
variety UJ5. Response of clones to mite attack were as follows: two clones were resistant, ten clones were moderately resistant, and
the other clones were susceptible. Based on the green house trial, the response of clones to mite attack was as follows: one clone was
highly resistant, two clones were resistant, ten clones were moderately resistant, and the other clones were susceptible. Clone
OMM 0915-11 was resistant variety or high resistant variety based on the green house and field experiments, while clone UJ5d50-
207-3 was moderately resistant based on both glass house and field experiments.
1. Introduction
Productivity of cassava is important characteristic related to
farmer income per crop area and harvesting time. Pro-
ductivity of cassava is determined by genetic factor and
environment factor. Many released varieties can be used by
farmers. Air temperature, sun light, and rain fall are the
environment factors that can not be modified, while fertilizer
(dosage and kind), planting distance, and irrigation are the
environment factors that can be modified.
Fertilization is one of the environmental factors that can
be modified to increase productivity of cassava. Kind and
dosage of fertilizer needed to get the high productivity
depended on the soil fertility and the kind of variety used.
Senkero et al. [1] reported that fertilization 0–80 kg·N/ha
gave the significantly positive response to yield in all loca-
tions of the experiments with characteristic as follows: N
content in the soil 0.5–1.4 g/kg, K 0.15–0.81 cmolc/kg, and P
7.6–16 mg/kg, while fertilization with 0–22.5 kg·P/ha and
dan K 0-30 kg/ha did not give significant response to yield.
e cassava productivity is also affected by insect severity
that attacks the crops in the field. An important insect in
cassava is mite (Tetranychus urticae) [2]. In general, this
insect attacks the plant during dry season. Mite can reduce
the yield 20–53%, depending on plant age and duration of
attacks. Indiati [3] reported the loss of yield of 8–54%.
Hindawi
Scientifica
Volume 2022, Article ID 6309679, 9 pages
https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6309679