~ 5 ~ The Pharma Innovation Journal 2021; 10(9): 05-09 ISSN (E): 2277- 7695 ISSN (P): 2349-8242 NAAS Rating: 5.23 TPI 2021; 10(9): 05-09 © 2021 TPI www.thepharmajournal.com Received: 05-07-2021 Accepted: 13-08-2021 Mahesh S Dhas MVSc Scholar, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Udgir, Latur, Maharashtra, India MK Patil Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Udgir, Latur, Maharashtra, India SP Awandkar Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Udgir, Latur, Maharashtra, India AA Deshmukh Associate Professor, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Udgir, Latur, Maharashtra, India MA Khan Professor and Head, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Udgir, Latur, Maharashtra, India Corresponding Author: SKS Rajpoot Department of Entomology Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology Kumarganj, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, India Antibacterial potential and phytochemical evaluation of Ficus racemosa leaf extracts Mahesh S Dhas, MK Patil, SP Awandkar, AA Deshmukh and MA Khan Abstract The need of the plant derived medicine for the animal and human use in recent years is so much increasing. In present study the antibacterial property of Ficus racemosa leaf extracts having the four solvents ie. Aqueous, chloroform, methanol and acetone were evaluated using the disc diffusion method against the test bacteria Escherichia coli; 10mg, 20mg and 50mg concentrations were taken, the standard antibiotic used were Gentamicin (50 μg). Qualitative phytochemical analysis of four extracts and the extract having most potent antibacterial activity was evaluated using Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method for phytochemicals. In disc diffusion method the Aqueous extract was found to be most potent as showed highest zone of inhibition as compared to the other extracts against Escherichia coli. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of Aqueous extract showed presence of eleven phytochemical compounds, which could be the probable cause of the present antibacterial activity. Keywords: Ficus racemosa, leaf extracts, disc diffusion method, phytochemical analysis Introduction Escherichia coli is a bacterial commensal of the intestinal microflora of a variety of animals, including humans, which causes colibacillosis in creatures and birds. Escherichia coli is a gram-negative, rod-shaped, and motile bacteria. In any case, not all E. coli strains are harmless, as some can cause infections in people just as in animals and birds [4, 6] . The treatment part of the gram-negative microorganisms incorporates the use of aminoglycosides which shows bactericidal action and covers the wide range of gram-negative bacilli [8] . Considering the bacterial resistance, side and unfavorable impact of the allopathic antimicrobial medications, the medicinal plants possessing the antibacterial properties serve as alternatives for modern allopathic antibiotics. Keeping these point in view in present research work the use of Ficus racemosa leaf extract against the gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli were detected by in vitro method, qualitative phytochemical evalution and by Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) done as well. Material and Methods The present study was carried out in the Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Udgir, a constituent college of Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Nagpur. The facilities required for this work were provided by the Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Udgir. Whole fresh leaves of plant of Ficus racemosa were collected from campus of College of Fisheries Sciences, Udgir. The leaves of the plant were dried under shade and the powder of dried leaves was prepared by mechanical grinder. The dried powder was further passed through the mesh sieve to obtain the fine powder. The powder were kept in plastic box stoppered tightly and were placed in refrigerator. Disc diffusion method: Materials Used Nutrient agar (NA), Nutrient broth (NB), Mueller Hinton agar (MHA), Mueller Hinton broth, standard discs of gentamicin (50μg) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) supplied by Hi-media Laboratories Ltd., Mumbai.