DOI: https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211562145 ORIGINAL ARTICLE 2145 P J M H S Vol. 15, NO. 6, JUN 2021 Comparison of Retrograde Femoral Interlocking Nail Versus Dynamic Condylar Screw in Distal Femoral Shaft Fractures MUHAMMAD KAMRAN SHAFI 1 , FRAZ NOOR 2 , SYED ALAM ZEB 3 , MUHAMMAD ISHFAQ 4 , YOUSAF BIN TAHIR 5 , TAUQEER NAWAZ KHAN 6 1 Assistant Professor Orthopaedics BVH/QAMC, Bahawalpur 2 Assistant Professor Orthopaedics Sahara Medical College, Narowal 3 Specialist / Senior Registrar Orthopaedic Surgery, Dr. Sulaiman al Habib Medical Group, Riyadh KSA 4 Senior Registrar Orthopaedics, Nishtar Medical University and Hospital, Multan 5 Medical Officer Orthopaedic department Nishtar Hospital, Multan 6 Orthopedic Consultant DHQ hospital, Muzaffargarh Corresponding author: Dr. Muhammad Kamran Shafi, E-mail: kamranshafi35@gmail.com, Contact: +923216864243 ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of retrograde femoral interlocking nail versus dynamic condylar screw in distal femoral shaft fractures. Study Design: Prospective/Randomized comprehensive Place and Duration: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Bahawal Victoria Hospital (BVH) / QAMC, Bahawalpur for duration of eight months i.e July 2020 to February 2021. Methods: Total 65 patients of both genders were presented in this study with age ranges between 20-40 years. Patients detailed demographics age, sex and BMI were calculated after taking informed written consent. Patients were divided into 2- groups, I and II Group I had 32 patients and underwent for retrograde femoral interlocking nail and group II had 33 patients and received dynamic condylar screw. Mean operative time, mean union time of bones and complications were calculated. Effectiveness among both groups was calculated by HSS score. Complete data was analyzed by SPSS 22.0 version. Results: Most of the patients were males 40 (61.54%) and 25 (38.46%) were females. Mean age of the patients in group I was 26.46±4.28 years and in group II mean age was 30.78±8.22 years. Mean operative time in group I was 82.8±7.14 minutes while in group II it was 90.6±8.19 minutes. Mean union time in group I was 22.7±2.5 weeks and in group II was 26.21±5.3 weeks. According to HSS score in group I 16 (50%) results were excellent, 11 (34.38%) was good, 3 (9.8%) showed moderate and 2 (6.25%) was poor, while in group II excellent results were 15 (45.45%), 10 (30.30%) was good, 5 (15.15%) showed moderate and 3 (9.09%) showed poor results. Complications were observed joint stiffness, delayed union, non union and varus deformity were significantly lower in group I as compared to group II. Conclusion: We concluded in this comparison of study that bothretrograde femoral interlocking nail and dynamic condylar screw was useful and effective methods for trauma in distal femoral shaft fractures. But less union time and good outcomes were observed in interlocking nail as compared to dynamic condylar screw. Keywords: Distal femoral shaft fractures, Trauma, Dynamic condylar, Interlocking nail INTRODUCTION There is controversy about the optimum approach to treat distal femoral fractures. These fractures are also complicated and managed with a variety of possible complications[1]. Varus and Valgus malalignment and malrotation are usually unsatisfactory, with high levels of ankylosis[1]. Implants, instrumentation and advanced surgical experience have been the traditional management of these fractures through surgical procedure. 1 The advent of locked plates enabled the biological percutaneous fixation of distal femoral fractures to be effectively used over a period [1-2]. Intramedullary fixation is a common technique for the stabilization of distal femour fractures since it is a biological method and also load-sharing that makes weightbearing easier.[3] Intramedullary nailing may either be used to strengthen certain fractures in an antegrade or retrograde fashion. AIMN may lead to complications such as the Trendelenburg gait or the associated implant pain. Intramedullary (RIMN) retrograde nailing can cause complications, including damage to the cartilage around the intercondylar notch and knee dysfunction. The standard management of Femur's displaced supracondyl fracture follows Watson Jones and John Charnley's principles, which consist of skeletal traction, fracture manipulation and external cast- and cast bracings immobilization. Complications such as deformity, cutting, long bed resting, stiffness of the knee, angulation, incongruity of joints, malunion, quadriceps, knee weakness and post-traumatic osteoarthritis were present in these approaches. Present developments include the application of AO blade plates, condylar screws and other implant systems such as supracondylar intramedullary nails. The shaft of Femur is frequently pushed laterally to the anatomical axis of the condyle by the application of an AO blade plate or a dynamic condylar screw. This generates rotary motions on the split spot, causing blade plate or condylar screws to be pulled off and the plate is fatigued. In addition, osteoporotic bone contributes to implants failures by cutting the soft bone off with screws and plates. A minimally invasive procedure, whether using a nail or a plate, is essential to avoid these problems[4]. Stabilization of femoral distal fractures by retrograde nailing is a speedy procedure which does not require a comprehensive approach, and can therefore be performed with minimal