TEM analysis of Pulse Laser Deposited BaFe
12
O
19
films on SiC
V.K. Lazarov,*
,
** Z. Cai,*** K. Yoshida, ** P. Hasnip,* and K.S. Ziemer***
* Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, YO10 5DD, UK
** York JEOL Nanoscience Centre, Heslington, YO10 5DD, UK
*** Chemical Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115
BaFe
12
O
19
is a ferrite (barium hexaferrite, BaM) with magnetoplumbite structure. Its high
permeability ( > 100) and strong uniaxial anisotropy (H
A
~17kOe) combined with the easy direction
of magnetization along the c-axis makes BaM of great importance for microwave device
applications [1]. The progress in ferrite devices and next generation monolithic microwave
integrated circuits strongly depends of ability to integrate BaM with semiconductor processing
technologies. Integrating BaM with wide band gap semiconductors (e.g. SiC or GaN), which can
function in high-temperature, high-power, and high-frequency environments is especially desirable
[2]. In order to achieve effective integration of BaM on semiconductors, such challenges as lattice
mismatch, thermal mismatch, and interface mixing need to be overcome, while maintaining tight
stoichiometric control of the BaM film.
In this work we study the structural properties on the BaM thin films prepared by pulse laser
deposition (PLD) on SiC(0001). Prior the PLD BaM deposition MgO films with various thicknesses
were grown as a diffusion barrier for Si, and to provide better lattice matching between the SiC and
BaM. TEM/STEM and EDX analysis were performed using JEOL 3000F and JEOL 2011.
FIG.1 shows BaM PLD film (on 10 nm MgO template) with low roughness and thickness of ~ 400
nm. The bright contrast band shown at the interface indicates formation of an interface phase(s)
different from the BaM film. HRTEM from the interface region (FIG. 2) clearly shows two distinct
interface regions. First (close to SiC substrate) is amorphous SiOx with thickness of ~5-10 nm, while
the second, mainly cubic region, has spacings corresponding to magnesium ferrite. In addition we
observed regions that do not correspond to any of the Ba-Fe-Mg-O bulk reported phases. STEM-
EDX scan line across the interface confirms the presence of the Si and O in the near substrate region,
and Mg, Fe, Ba and O in the cubic band. The high temperature deposition combined with high
kinetic energies of the deposited atoms make the SiC-film interface rather rough. In addition the
MgO template layer reacts with the incoming atomic species and form a 40-50 nm interface
transition region. Surprisingly, crystallographic orientation between BaM film and SiC substrate is
preserved beside the oxidation of the substrate, FIG.4. This implies that the oxide layer at the
interface, resulting from the O diffusion towards the substrate during the deposition, is formed after
the seeds film layer is being created. It should be noted that films with 4 nm MgO template do not
form single crystal BaM films, thus their magnetic properties are inferior compared to the films
grown on 10 nm MgO template. Magnetic properties of the BaM films deposited on 10 nm MgO
template were reported elsewhere [3].
References:
[1] S. Srinath, N.A. Frey, R. Heindl, H. Srikanth, et al, J. Appl. Phys. 97, 10J115-1-3 (2005).
[2] W. Wondrak, E. Niemann, K. Held, R. Constapel, and G. Kroetz,. ISIE '98. 1, 153 (1998).
[3] Z. Chen, A. Yang, A. Gieler, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 182505 (2007).
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doi:10.1017/S1431927610062689
Microsc. Microanal. 16 (Suppl 2), 2010
© Microscopy Society of America 2010
https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927610062689
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