Swati Sharma et al. International Journal of Recent Research Aspects ISSN: 2349-7688, Special Issue: Recent Innovation in Science, Engineering & Management, May 2022, pp. 95-102 © 2022 IJRAA All Rights Reserved page - 95- A review on advancements of power system protection and control Swati Sharma, Ashwani Saini, Manish Shukla, Yash Sharma DPG Institute of Technology and Management Gurugram, Haryana, India Abstract: In this paper the advancement in communication system has become powerful synchronised equipment, which makes the real-time communication between subgrids and control. In current shielding structure it handles the real-time data inadequately. This paper analysis the expansion of power system structure with developing technologies integrated with wide area protection, the graded power system protection provides the local power and combine power circuits. The system has 3 levels: the local, the substation and the regional. The combined tasks have been described for optimal harmonization and the system to obtain control and real time information for enabling the perfect tool for computing power circuits . Keywords: Protection based power system , Data platform. I. Introduction In beginning of last century is marked as point of emergence of power-system protection when first electro- mechanical over current relays, directional, distance and differential protection schemes were developed and used in first three decades of last century but recent development in science , nanotechnology developed relay technology also great theoretical progress were made in protection software. Currently in world full of semiconductor electronics and sciences, conventional relays are being replaced by numeric and microprocessor based relays [1]. The application of centralized substation in late 1960’s was first proposed based on centralised computer based system but centralized computer system for substation protection has not been widely applied till date as back then there were no such computer hardware-software technologies available and relay technology was widely used successfully. In 1980’s microprocessor based protection system was introduced. It provided new means in protection like “Adaptive protection”, and “Artificial intelligence “ based protection techniques which were proposed in 1980’s and early 1990’s. Use of IDMT or( inverse definite time over current protection) started era of adaptive protection[2]. IDMT technology played important role in increasing computer technology based protection devices and control theory. IDMT was new type of relay protection which was able to change the performance, characteristics of set value according to fault condition and operation mode of power system [3]. Application of IDMT includes distance protection, generator protection, transformer protection, auto closure etc. Adaptive relay improved response of system, it enhanced the reliability in field of economic benefits. Artificial Intelligence technologies like “artificial neural network”, “genetic algorithm”, “evolutionary algorithm”. Fuzzy logics were also applied in field of relay protection. Artificial neural network helped in identifying fault type, distance of fault, direction protection. Artificial neural network had distributed storage [4]. It can do parallel processing, self organization and self-learning. Application of artificial intelligence helped in improving speed, accuracy, of fault detection and its analysis. However in 1990’s, with continuous expansion of power networks, it was great challenge to clear the faults quickly and improve system stability. This lead to development of non-power system frequency fault detection technique to increase relay response , so “Transient- based protection” relays were developed whose working was based on travelling wave and superimposed components[5]. Studies have showed that we can de-detect the fault- generated high frequency transients which created possibilities for developing of new techniques and principles. Another important development and progress was made when “novel-communication techniques” and “GPS” techniques were applied in power-system protection. The newly proposed protection based protective relay helps in providing a wide area to power circuits .In recent years, concept of centralized protection has gained popularity because of increase in growth of signal- processing capabilities and availability of suitable communication scheme [6]. In information based model the multiple power pants and its components develops the protection based schemes. The substation base area protection develops information technology base practical applications in the area of automation technology has helped us in optimizing, monitoring, control protection and measurement devices. Traditional control protection cabinets are being replaced by computer systems which have microcontroller protection device as core protection device measurement [7], control signal, billing and control signal embedded into computer based system [8]. We can say that the relay-protected devices has high performance, fast response and provides any information about power system by transmitting any information regarding faults to the control centre . thus advanced microprocessor based protection devises helps in