Copyright © 2018 by Author/s and Licensed by Lectito BV, Netherlands. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. European Journal of Sustainable Development Research, 2018, 2(4), 43 ISSN: 2542-4742 A New Lipid Rich Microalgal SP Scenedesmus Dimorphus Isolated: Nile Red Staining and Effect of Carbon, Nitrogen Sources on its Physio- Biochemical Components Kulvinder Bajwa 1* , Narsi R. Bishnoi 1 , Anita Kirrollia 1 , Silambarasan Tamil Selvan 2 1 Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125001, Haryana, INDIA 2 Department of Microbiology, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636011, Tamil Nadu, INDIA *Corresponding Author: kulvinderbajwa3@gmail.com Citation: Bajwa, K., Bishnoi, N. R., Kirrollia, A. and Selvan. S. T. (2018). A New Lipid Rich Microalgal SP Scenedesmus Dimorphus Isolated: Nile Red Staining and Effect of Carbon, Nitrogen Sources on its Physio- Biochemical Components. European Journal of Sustainable Development Research, 2(4), 43. https://doi.org/10.20897/ejosdr/3911 Published: October 4, 2018 ABSTRACT Currently, majority of the researchers concentrate on algal biomass production with autotrophic cultivation, however this cultivation strategy induces low biomass yield and it is troublesome to be utilized in large-scale algal biomass production. In contrary to this, heterotrophic algae can accumulate high level lipid production. Therefore, the present study was aimed to assess the effect of various carbon sources viz., glucose, sucrose, fructose, glycerol, sodium acetate and various nitrogen sources viz., NaNO3, urea, KNO3, NH4NO3, yeast extract, peptone, beef extract on lipid, biomass, total chlorophyll, protein and carbohydrate content in Scenedesmsus dimorphus. Among carbon sources, glucose showed maximum biomass yield (1.98±0.005gL -1 ) and highest lipid content (32.7±0.01%) followed by fructose, sucrose and glycerol. Similarly, total carbohydrates and protein content was also found to be maximum in glucose 0.275±0.002 mgmL -1 and 0.031±0.001 mgmL -1 respectively. While sodium nitrate supported maximum chlorophyll content (29.00±0.01 µgmL -1 ). Among various tested nitrogen sources, beef extract showed highest lipid production (30.28±0.05%), biomass yield (1.73±0.02 gL -1 ) in sodium nitrate and total carbohydrates (0.247±0.008) mgmL -1 in beef extract, followed by yeast extract and peptone. Highest chlorophyll content has been found in urea and maximum protein content in ammonium nitrate. Keywords: isolation, screening, nile red, biomass, lipid content, Scenedesmus sp. heterotrophic cultivation INTRODUCTION Being among one of the key biofuels, biodiesel plays a major role in diversifying the supply of world transportation fuels (Yuan et al., 2005; Hansen et al., 2006) . The sustainable and efficient production of biofuel can lead to reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, lowered climate change impact and increased security owing to the fulfilment of global energy demands (González-González et al., 2018). Traditional seed crops comparable to soyabean, rapeseed and palm oil are adopted extensively for biodiesel production. However, to satisfy the increasing demand of biodiesel, seeking lipid-rich biological materials other than traditional oilseed crops has attracted much attention (Shen et al., 2009). Microalgae are considered a potential source of biodiesel because of their relatively simple cellular structure, high lipid content and after the removal of the lipid fraction (Gouveia et al., 2018) the remaining residual biomass (mainly carbohydrates and proteins) can also be used for high value by-