Research Article Preconditioning with PDE1 Inhibitors and Moderate-Intensity Training Positively Affect Systemic Redox State of Rats Jelena Ristic, 1 Marko Folic, 2 Katarina Radonjic, 2 Milenko I. Rosic, 3,4 Sergey Bolevich, 5 Omarov Israpil Alisultanovich, 6 Nevena Draginic, 2 Marijana Andjic, 2 Jovana Jeremic , 2 Isidora Milosavljevic, 2 Vladimir Zivkovic , 7 and Vladimir Jakovljevic 5,7 1 Representative Office Richter Gedeon Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia 2 University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Kragujevac, Serbia 3 Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases of Vojvodina, Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia 4 Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia 5 1st Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Department of Human Pathology, Moscow, Russia 6 Medical and Health Center of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia 7 University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Kragujevac, Serbia Correspondence should be addressed to Vladimir Jakovljevic; drvladakgbg@yahoo.com Received 17 October 2019; Revised 29 December 2019; Accepted 21 January 2020; Published 10 February 2020 Academic Editor: Francesca Danesi Copyright © 2020 Jelena Ristic et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Taken into consideration that oxidative stress response after preconditioning with phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDEIs) and moderate physical activity has still not been clarified, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of PDEIs alone or in combination with physical activity, on systemic redox status. The study was carried out on 96 male Wistar albino rats classified into two groups. The first group included animals exposed only to pharmacological preconditioning (PreC) maneuver (sedentary control (CTRL, 1 ml/day saline, n = 12), nicardipine (6 mg/kg/day of NIC, n = 12), vinpocetine (10 mg/kg/day of VIN, n = 12), and nimodipine (NIM 10 mg/kg/day of, n = 12). The second included animals exposed to preconditioning with moderate-intensity training (MIT) on treadmill for 8 weeks. After 5 weeks from the start of training, the animals were divided into four subgroups depending on the medication to be used for pharmacological PreC: moderate-intensity training (MIT+ 1 ml/day saline, n = 12), nicardipine (MIT+ 6 mg/kg/day of NIC, n = 12), vinpocetine (MIT+ 10 mg/kg/day of VIN, n = 12), and nimodipine (MIT+ 10 mg/kg/day of NIM, n = 12). After three weeks of pharmacological preconditioning, the animals were sacrificed. The following oxidative stress parameters were measured spectrophotometrically: nitrites (NO 2 - ), superoxide anion radical (O 2 - ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), index of lipid peroxidation (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (GSH). Our results showed that PDE1 and MIT preconditioning decreased the release of prooxidants and improved the activity of antioxidant enzymes thus preventing systemic oxidative stress. 1. Introduction Regular physical activity is considered to have various effects on different systems and organs as well as beneficial effects on lifestyle modifications. Therefore, it is seen as an indispens- able element and a cornerstone in the nonpharmacological therapy of the cardiovascular, metabolic, and osteomuscular disorders [1]. Nowadays, scientists are engaged in finding the optimal intensity of physical activity in order to promote health and lifespan, improve quality of life, and decrease the incidence of lifestyle-related diseases [2, 3]. Moderate- intensity training (MIT) represents a training method involv- ing longer-duration sessions of moderate-intensity exercise performed continuously without rest [4]. Based on epidemiological data, it has been observed that physical activity decreases the incidence of mortality caused by myocardial infarction; therefore, it is often studied as one of the nonpharmacological preconditioning (PreC) Hindawi Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity Volume 2020, Article ID 6361703, 10 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6361703