(IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 10, No. 5, 2019 372 | Page www.ijacsa.thesai.org Assessment of Technology Transfer from Grid power to Photovoltaic: An Experimental Case Study for Pakistan Umer Farooq 1 , Habib Ullah Manzoor 2 , Aamir Mehmood 3 , Awais Iqbal 4 , Rida Younis 5 , Amina Iqbal 6 Faculty of Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore (FSD-Campus)-38000 Pakistan Fan Yang 7 , Muhammad Arshad Shehzad Hassan 8 , Nouman Faiz 9 State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment, and System Security and New Technology School of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University Chongqing 400044, China Abstract—Pakistan is located on the world map where enough solar irradiance value strikes the ground that can be harnessed to vanish the existing blackout problems of the country. Government is focusing towards renewable integration, especially solar photovoltaic (PV) technology. This work is focused to assess the techno-economic viability of different PV technologies with aim of recommending the most optimum type for domestic sector in high solar irradiance region of the country. For this purpose, standalone PV systems are installed using monocrystalline (m-Si), polycrystalline (p-Si), and amorphous crystalline (a-Si) modules on the rooftop at 31.4 o N latitude position. The performance of PV modules is evaluated based on, average output power, normalized power output efficiency, module conversion efficiency, and performance ratio. Results elaborated that m-Si module is the optimum type for the application with 23.01% average normalized power output efficiency. Economics of the system has also been evaluated in terms of the price of power value produced by PV modules with respect to the consumption of that power value from grid source in base case. Integration of such type of domestic PV systems are a need of time to make the future sustainable. Keywords—Solar energy; photovoltaic technologies; module efficiency; power demand satisfaction; economics I. INTRODUCTION Energy is the main driving force behind the dynamics of the world. The whole world is running after energy sources to make the future brighter and sustainable. Since the evolution of modern civilization on earth, electricity production is largely dependent on fossil fuels. With scientific technology advancement in 21st century, innovative techniques and inexhaustible energy sources are making their way to meet new standards. In this context, renewable energy sources (RESs) are the focus as they are everlasting and are not associated with threat of being extinct, as fossil fuels are. Significant amount of energy security, climate change mitigation, and certain economic benefits can be achieved by the speedy deployment of RESs [1-3]. Among renewables, solar (photovoltaic) PV technology is one of the most auspicious and emerging one in the whole world. Pakistan is considered at naturally blessed location on world map for solar applications due to its geographical location, climatic situation, and high solar insulation value [4]. Even Pakistan is facing severe energy crisis presently despite of the reported potential of 455.3 GWh electric power generation through harnessing solar irradiance energy using off-grid type PV systems only [5]. Solar energy harnessing through PV system is dependent on the type and performance of PV module. The performance of PV modules varies depending on the geography and climatic conditions of the location [6]. In PV technology, electricity can be generated directly from solar energy but with low conversion efficiency, and needs much improvement in conversion technology [7]. It requires a lot of efforts to achieve maximum energy from the PV panels. The basic need to test PV modules at outdoor real time conditions is to estimate the output power of PV modules under variant environmental conditions [8-9]. Parameters of PV modules estimated on the standard testing conditions (irradiance 1000 W/m 2 , module temperature 25°C, and AM 1.5) are not equal to the real time operating conditions due to the variations in environmental parameters [10]. Amin et al., [11] conducted an experimental study for the evaluation of the performance of four PV modules (m-Si (monocrystalline), p-Si (polycrystalline), a-Si (amorphous crystalline), and copper indium diselenide (CIS)) in Malaysia for three consecutive days. Results showed that CIS module has higher performance ratio (PR) value while m-Si module has high module efficiency among all the modules tested. Midtgard et al., [12] conducted the experimentation for the performance evaluation of three different types of solar panels (m-Si, p-Si, and a-Si) in the climate of Norway. It was found that m-Si was better in terms of average output power and module efficiency compared to p-Si and a-Si modules. The efficiency of PV modules depends on various environment associated factors such as dust accumulation, wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity etc., [13- 14]. Catelani et al., investigated the effect of dust and pollution on PV module performance using statistical approach [15]. From the statistical hypothesis test, the maximum power values showed decrement with the dust accumulation on panel