© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Phys. Status Solidi RRL 3, No. 2 – 3, 46– 48 (2009) / DOI 10.1002/pssr.200802242
www.pss-rapid.com
pss
Deformation-induced microstructural
heterogeneity in monolithic
Zr
44
Ti
11
Cu
9.8
Ni
10.2
Be
25
bulk metallic glass
Min Ha Lee
*, 1, 2
, Jin Kyu Lee
2
, Kyung Tae Kim
1
, Jürgen Thomas
1
, Jayanta Das
1
, Uta Kühn
1
,
and Jürgen Eckert
1, 3
1
IFW Dresden, Institute for Complex Materials, P.O. Box 27 01 16, 01171 Dresden, Germany
2
Advanced Materials Division, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Incheon 406-840, Korea
3
TU Dresden, Institute of Materials Science, 01062 Dresden, Germany
Received 31 October 2008, revised 7 December 2008, accepted 15 December 2008
Published online 19 December 2008
PACS 61.43.Fs, 64.70.pe, 68.37.Lp, 68.37.Ma, 81.40.Lm
*
Correspondence author: e-mail mhlee1@kitech.re.kr
© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Metallic glasses, especially bulk metallic glasses
(BMGs) are interesting for basic science as well as for po-
tential applications because of their exceptional mechani-
cal properties, including high strength, large elastic limit
and low Young’s modulus [1–4]. However, due to the ab-
sence of well-defined atomic planes or slip systems, plastic
flow occurs inhomogeneously and is localized into narrow
shear bands resulting in catastrophic failure [1–4]. As a re-
sult most BMGs show little macroscopic plasticity (< 1%)
at room temperature. In order to increase the reliability of
BMGs, the enhancement of plasticity is a crucial issue for
their use as structural materials. There have been several
reports on synthesizing “ductile” BMGs which show large
macroscopic plasticity at room temperature by introducing
inhomogeneities with different length scale [5–7]. Recently,
an abnormally large plasticity of monolithic BMG at room
temperature was observed for a specifically composition-
ally tailored super-plastic Zr
64.13
Cu
15.75
Ni
10.12
Al
10
BMG [5].
The super-plasticity was supposed to be due to distinctive
microstructural features, found in TEM investigations, that
are notably composed of continuously distributed inho-
mogeneities in contrast, i.e. with white contrast regions
which are surrounded by dark contrast regions of microme-
ter size. However, other researchers claimed that such
microstructural inhomogeneities may be artifacts due to
improper sample preparation. Therefore, exploiting micro-
structural differences based on a comparative study be-
tween the as-cast state and of samples subjected to severe
deformation under the same preparation condition is help-
ful to understand the origin of inhomogeneities in the
glassy phase.
In the current study, we report on strain-induced mi-
crostructural inhomogeneities in a typical brittle
Zr
44
Ti
11
Cu
9.8
Ni
10.2
Be
25
BMG (Vitreloy 1b) subjected to
room temperature deformation, i.e. cold rolling [8–10].
In microstructurally isotropic and chemically homoge-
neous BMGs plastic flow is inhomogeneous below the
glass transition temperature T
g
, and tends to be localized
within a small number of shear bands upon the onset of
yielding [11, 12]. Figure 1 displays an SEM image of the
surface of the Zr-based BMG after deformation showing
shear bands on the deformed surface. The inset displays
We present investigations on the development of micro-
structural inhomogeneity introduced by simple room tem-
perature deformation for a typical bulk metallic glass
(Zr
44
Ti
11
Cu
9.8
Ni
10.2
Be
25
). The experimental evidence (e.g.,
transmission electron microscopy, electron energy dispersive
X-ray spectroscopy and density measurements) clearly sup-
ports that an inhomogeneous glassy structure can be produced
during deformation in the bulk metallic glass, that does not
depend on a specific pinpointed chemical composition. The
micrometer-sized structural inhomogeneity in the monolithic
bulk metallic glass originates from deformation due to the in-
troduction of a high concentration of free volume in the
glassy phase without significant change in the local chemical
composition.