Research Article Effect of Self-Directed Home Therapy Adherence Combined with TheraBracelet on Poststroke Hand Recovery: A Pilot Study Gabrielle Scronce , 1,2 Viswanathan Ramakrishnan , 3 Amanda A. Vatinno , 1 and Na Jin Seo 1,2,4 1 Department of Health Sciences and Research, College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA 2 Ralph H. Johnson VA Health Care System, Charleston, SC, USA 3 Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA 4 Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Gabrielle Scronce; scronce@musc.edu Received 26 July 2022; Revised 26 January 2023; Accepted 17 February 2023; Published 8 March 2023 Academic Editor: Augusto Fusco Copyright © 2023 Gabrielle Scronce et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Hand impairment is a common consequence of stroke, resulting in long-term disability and reduced quality of life. Recovery may be augmented through self-directed therapy activities at home, complemented by the use of rehabilitation devices such as peripheral sensory stimulation. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of adherence to self-directed therapy and the use of TheraBracelet (subsensory random-frequency vibratory stimulation) on hand function for stroke survivors. In a double-blind, randomized controlled pilot trial, 12 chronic stroke survivors were assigned to a treatment or control group (n =6/group). All participants were instructed to perform 200 repetitions of therapeutic hand tasks 5 days/week while wearing a wrist-worn device 8 hours/day for 4 weeks. The treatment group received TheraBracelet vibration from the device, while the control group received no vibration. Home task repetition adherence and device wear logs, as well as hand function assessment (Stroke Impact Scale Hand domain), were obtained weekly. Repetition adherence was comparable between groups but varied among participants. Participants wore the device to a greater extent than adhering to completing repetitions. A linear mixed model analysis showed a significant interaction between repetition and group (p =0:01), with greater adherence resulting in greater hand function change for the treatment group (r =0:94; R 2 =0:88), but not for the control group. Secondary analysis revealed that repetition adherence was greater for those with lower motor capacity and greater self-efficacy at baseline. This pilot study suggests that adherence to self-directed therapy at home combined with subsensory stimulation may affect recovery outcomes in stroke survivors. This trial is registered with NCT04026399. 1. Introduction Stroke is a major medical event that occurs in nearly 800,000 people in the United States each year [1]. Upper extremity (UE) sensorimotor impairment is a common consequence of stroke, affecting 77% of stroke survivors [2]. UE sensori- motor impairment decreases individuals’ ability to perform functional activities for self-care, hygiene, employment, and recreation, thereby diminishing their independence and quality of life [3, 4]. Research shows that extensive practice of task-specific activities results in improved functional recovery of the UE poststroke [5–9]. However, the high amount of UE activity necessary for functional recovery [5] cannot be achieved within typical therapy sessions [7, 10–12]. To circumvent the limited time available with a therapist, a home exercise Hindawi Stroke Research and Treatment Volume 2023, Article ID 3682898, 10 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3682898