Int. J. Curr. Res. Med. Sci. (2017). 3(7): 62-65 62 International Journal of Current Research in Medical Sciences ISSN: 2454-5716 P-ISJN: A4372-3064, E -ISJN: A4372-3061 www.ijcrims.com Case Report Volume 3, Issue 7 -2017 A Non smoker presenting as small cell carcinoma: A Rare case report *Nishanth .P.S ,*Rajwinder Kaur,**NC Kajal,*Srijna Rana, ***N.S.Neki *Junior Resident, **Professor, Dept. of Chest & TB, Govt. Medical College, Amritsar, 143001, India ***Professor of Medicine, Govt. Medical College, Amritsar, India Corresponding Author: Dr. Nishanth .P.S. E-mail: nishanthps88@gmail.com Abstract Once regarded as a smoker’s disease, small -cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been occasionally detected in non-smokers as smoking rates decrease worldwide. We investigated the clinical and genetic characteristics of SCLC in non- smokers. Non-smokers with SCLC are increasingly prevalent and have a better prognosis than smokers with SCLC. We intend to publish this case due to rarity of the case presentation High index of suspicion should be kept for the possibility of diagnosing SCLC in non smokers so that these cases might not be misdiagnosed . Keywords: Small-cell lung cancer, never-smoker, survival, next-generation sequencing, epidermal growth factor receptor mutation Introduction There are two broad categories of lung cancer: small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). SCLC, which is a highly malignant tumor derived from cells exhibiting neuroendocrine characteristics, accounts for 15% of lung cancer cases. NSCLC, which accounts for the remaining 85% of cases, is further divided into three major pathologic subtypes: adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Adenocarcinoma by itself accounts for 38.5% of all lung cancer cases, with squamous cell carcinoma accounting for 20%, and large cell carcinoma accounting for 2.9%. 1,2 In the past several decades, the incidence of adenocarcinoma has increased greatly, and it has replaced squamous cell carcinoma as the most prevalent type of NSCLC. Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is known to be clinically different from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in its high response rate to first-line chemotherapy, early progression, and overall poor prognosis. In addition, smoking is universally understood to cause SCLC, and no targetable oncogene has been found in SCLC. Although lung cancer is commonly viewed as a smoker’s disease, ∼15%– 20% of all lung cancer cases worldwide develop in non-smokers 3 . The prevalence is also different histologically and geographically. The proportion of non-smokers is higher among Asian patients with NSCLC than in non-Asian patients. In addition, never-smokers are more often diagnosed with adenocarcinoma than smokers [5]. While the DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22192/ijcrms.2017.03.07.010