Conversion of 40 Gb/s OTDM to 4×10 Gb/s WDM Channels with
Extinction Ratio Enhancement by Pump-Modulated Four-Wave
Mixing Using Time- and Wavelength-Interleaved Laser Pulses
Gordon K. P. Lei and Chester Shu
Department of Electronic Engineering and Center for Advanced Research in Photonics,
The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
Email: kplei@ee.cuhk.edu.hk
Abstract
We demonstrate simultaneous demultiplexing from 40
Gb/s OTDM to 4x10 Gb/s WDM channels by pump-
modulated four-wave mixing with a time- and
wavelength-interleaved pulsed source. An extinction
ratio enhancement of ~2.6 dB is achieved.
Introduction
While optical time-division multiplexing (OTDM) is a
promising technology in long-haul fiber-optic
communication, wavelength-division multiplexing
(WDM) remains important in metro networks. Different
approaches have been demonstrated to perform OTDM
to WDM conversion with multi-channel acquisition,
including cross-phase modulation (XPM) in a
semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) [1], four-wave
mixing (FWM) in a highly nonlinear fiber [2], and cross-
absorption modulation (XAM) in an electro-absorption
modulator (EAM) [3].
In recent years, pump-modulated FWM has been
rigorously pursued for all-optical signal processing. The
regenerative property of the approach has been
demonstrated [4-5]. In this paper, we report the
conversion of 40 Gb/s OTDM to 4×10 Gb/s WDM
channels by pump-modulated four-wave mixing. Our
approach exploits a time- and wavelength-interleaved
pulsed source that has previously been generated by
different approaches and used in applications including
analog-to-digital conversion, wavelength multicasting
and all-optical sampling [6-8]. With the regenerative
property of pump-modulated FWM, the extinction ratios
of the demultiplexed channels are enhanced compared to
that of the 40 Gb/s OTDM input data.
Principle and Experimental Setup
The experimental setup is shown in Fig.1. Four CW laser
outputs are obtained from a WDM source. The four
branches are combined with couplers and directed to the
input of a phase modulator. The phase modulator is
driven by a 10 GHz RF signal, introducing a 10 GHz
chirp on the CW lights. The CW lights are then
transmitted in an 8.4 km single-mode fiber (SMF) that
introduces a dispersion of -142 ps/nm. Owing to
frequency chirp introduced in the phase modulator,
different portions of the CW lights lase at different
instantaneous frequencies. As a result, the CW lights are
turned into short pulses after group velocity dispersion in
the SMF. At the same time, since the four CW lights are
of different wavelengths, inter-channel time delay occurs
between adjacent channels. By optimizing the phase
modulation depth, the wavelength spacing and the
dispersion [9-10], a 4 × 10 GHz time- and wavelength-
interleaved pulsed source is generated.
Fig.1. Experimental setup. EDFA: erbium-doped fiber
amplifier; EOM: electro-optic modulator; MLFL: mode-locked
fiber laser; MUX: multiplexer; OBPF: optical band-pass filter;
OTDL: optical tunable delay line; PCF: photonic crystal fiber;
PM: phase modulator; PRBS: pseudorandom binary sequence;
SMF: single mode fiber.
To produce a 40 Gb/s OTDM signal, a 10-GHz pulsed
source is obtained from the output of a mode-locked
fiber laser (MLFL). The laser pulses are modulated by an
electro-optic modulator with a 2
7
-1 pseudorandom
binary sequence (PRBS) and optically multiplexed to 40
Gb/s. The 40 Gb/s OTDM data are then combined with
the time- and wavelength-interleaved pulses. A tunable
optical delay line is added after the multiplexer to ensure
synchronization between the two light branches. The
combined signal is directed to an erbium-doped fiber
amplifier through a polarization controller and is then
amplified to 27 dBm. FWM occurs inside the photonic
crystal fiber (PCF) and four new wavelengths are
generated. As different wavelength components reside at
different time slots in the time- and wavelength-
interleaved pulsed source, each converted wavelength
component contains information in a particular channel
of the OTDM data. By filtering out the four generated
components, four WDM channels are obtained. As a
result, OTDM to WDM conversion is achieved.
FK4
978-1-4244-4103-7/09/$25.0 © 2009 IEEE