Research Article Effect of Hypovitaminosis D on Lipid Profile in Hypothyroid Patients in Saudi Arabia Awad S. Alsamghan, 1 Safar A. Alsaleem, 1 Mohammed A. S. Alzahrani, 2 Ayyub Patel, 3 Ayaz K. Mallick, 3 and Salah A. Sheweita 3,4 1 Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia 2 Department of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia 3 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia 4 Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Egypt Correspondence should be addressed to Salah A. Sheweita; ssheweita@yahoo.com Received 7 November 2020; Revised 4 December 2020; Accepted 10 December 2020; Published 24 December 2020 Academic Editor: Ciccarelli Michele Copyright © 2020 Awad S. Alsamghan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background. Hypothyroidism is believed to be associated with dyslipidemia and is considered a risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD). Vitamin D, due to its steroid hormone action, retains cell function and controls the metabolism of lipids. Therefore, the present study was carried out to show the association of the risk factors of ASCVD and deficiency of thyroid hormones and vitamin D levels since no previous studies have been performed on Saudi patients before. Methodology. A retrospective cohort study was carried out on 400 hypothyroid patients. Medical records of those patients were followed up and were classified as normal and hypothyroid patients according to their thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. TSH, vitamin D, and lipid profiles were determined using the ELISA technique. Result. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly higher in hypothyroid patients than those in the normal group. We have found a significant correlation between TSH levels and the risk factors of ASCVD (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-C). Moreover, a significant correlation between vitamin D levels and the risk factors of ASCVD (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-C) has been found. In addition, there is a correlation between deficiency of Vit D and low-TSH levels (95% CI 1.092–4.05) indicating a higher risk for the development of ASCVD among those patients. Conclusion. Hypothyroid and vitamin D-deficient patients must be screened regularly at an early stage to predict and also to prevent cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, an adequate supply of vitamin D and TH should be given to those patients to prevent cardiovascular diseases at an early stage. 1. Introduction Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors such as obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) [1–3]. Vita- min D deficiency is a global issue occurring in about 30-50 percent of the population of varying age groups [4, 5]. In United States, Canada, and Australia, the mean serum vita- min D levels ranged between 20 and 30 ng/mL pointing towards vitamin D insufficiency [5]. In Brazil, the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D ranged between 5.7% and 52.9% in men over 18 years of age [4]. However, in spite of being a global concern, the reference values for assessment of vita- min D status are controversial. The Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism [4] and the Endocrine Soci- ety [6] define adequate vitamin D levels at 30 ng/mL, whereas the Institute of Medicine [7] defines it at 20 ng/mL. Apart from this, occupational practices also affect the vitamin D levels as lower levels were reported in night shift workers [8, 9]. Hypothyroidism is known to affect 4-10% of the popula- tion, and its incidence is stated to be as high as 10% [10–12]. It is characterised by low levels of thyroid hormones and ele- vated levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Reduced circulating thyroid hormones have various effects on the car- diovascular system such as decreased cardiac function due to Hindawi Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity Volume 2020, Article ID 6640402, 8 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6640402