Chapter 1 The BART Case Study V. Winter * , F. Kordon, M. Lemoine Abstract This chapter describes the BART case study, that will be used in all this book as a common problem to be solved by various analysis methods. The follow- ing chapters pick-up pieces from this example to illustrate possibilities of the presented techniques. 1. Introduction This document originally comes from [WB01]. It has been written by Victor L. Winter, Raymond S. Berg and James T. Ringland from Sandia National Labora- tories. The corresponding work was supported by the United States Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. Sandia is a multiprogram laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company for the United States Department of Energy. 2. Objective 1 This document contains an informal description of a portion of the Advanced Automatic Train Control (AATC) system being developed for the Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) system. BART provides commuter rail service for part of California’s San Francisco bay area. Specifically, the informal specification given below focuses on those aspects of BART that are necessary to control the speed and acceleration for the trains in the system. Other aspects of BART control such as (1) communication error recovery, (2) routing (via switches) and (3) right-of-way signaling (via “gates”) are largely ignored. The scope of this case study is narrower than the AATC project as a whole, but within this * Chapter responsible. 3 F. Kordon and M. Lemoine (eds.), Formal Methods for Embedded Distributed Systems, 3–22. C  2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands.