Volume 113B, number 1 PHYSICS LETTERS 3 June 1982
VANISHING p-FUNCTIONS IN EXTENDED SUPERGRAVITIES
K.S. STELLE and P.K. TOWNSEND
Laboratoire de Physique Th~orique de l'Eeole Normale Supdrieure 1, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
Received 22 February 1982
Given that-extended supergravity theories can be written in N = I superfield form, the non-renormalization of chiral
superspace integrals implies a vanishing #-function for the SO(N) gauged Poinear~ supergravity theories for N 1> 5 at one
loop and probably to all orders. In particular, this explains the results of existing one-loop calculations of the #-function.
1. Introduction: N = 4 Y-M theory. Calculations
in perturbation theory have shown that unexpected
cancellations of ultraviolet divergences occur in ex-
tended supersymmetric field theories. The N = 4 super
Yang-Mills (Y-M) theory, has vanishing/3-function up
to three loops [1-3] while N~> 5 gauged supergravity
theories have vanishing one-loop B-function [4,5]. Re-
cently it has also been shown that N = 4 conformal
supergravity has vanishing one-100p/5-function [6],
subject to verification of an assumption concerning
the scalar interactions of the, as yet unknown, full ac-
tion. These cancellations are unexpected in the sense
that they are not explainable solely as a consequence
ofsupersymmetry invariance since the counterterm(s),
that would be needed if/3 were not zero, do exist.
The cancellations ofN = 4 super Y-M theory can
be explained in two ways. The first explanation [7]
relies on an analysis of the possible N = 1 anomaly
supermultiplets consistent with SU(4) or SO(4) inter-
nal symmetry, and will not concern us here. The sec-
ond explanation, which was mentioned in ref. [2],
and which has recently been discussed and contrasted
with the previous one in ref. [8], is more directly
linked with the manner in which the calculations in
perturbation theory are most easily performed, name-
ly by means ofN = 1 superfield perturbation theory.
Extended supersymmetric Y-M theories can be writ-
1 Laboratoire Propre du Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique, associ6 ~ l'Ecole Normale Sup~rieure et
l'Universit6 de Paris-Sud, France.
ten as a sum ofN = 1 super-invariants consisting of in-
tegrals over the full N = 1 superspace or over the
chiral N = 1 subspace. While various internal symme-
tries and the remaining N- 1 supersymmetries will
not be manifest in this formulation, the techniques of
N = 1 superfield perturbation theory may be applied.
In particular, there is the remarkable property that
terms in the action that are written as chiral integrals,
and that can only be written locally in this way, are
never renormalized. The corresponding cancellations
were noticed in particular models long ago [9,10],
while the general theorem was proved in ref. [11]. In
practice it is only integrals of chiral potentials,
f d20 f(~.) for chiral fields Z, that cannot be rewritten
locally as f d40 integrals: Hence mass and interaction
terms for chiral fields are never renormalized. This
theorem is remarkable in that it applies equally to
non-renormalizabie as to renormalizable theories, be-
ing a result of 0-counting rather than power counting.
Note, however, that the theorem depends on the local
structure of the counterterms and so should be ap-
plied off-shell. This is because f d20 Z = f d40(D2/
ff]) Z and it may be posaible to remove the non-locality
of the d40 expression by use of a field equation.
The N = 4 Y-M theory has the following action in
N= 1 superfields [12,11]:
I= tr[64~ f d4x d20 WaW + f d4x d40 e,g Vcbi egVcj
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