ISeCure The ISC Int'l Journal of Information Security November 2021, Volume 13, Number 3 (pp. 39–48) http://www.isecure-journal.org Selected Paper at the ICCMIT’21 in Athens, Greece Data Enhancement for Date Fruit Classification Using DCGAN ** Norah Alajlan 1,* , Meshael Alyahya 1 , Noorah Alghasham 1 , and Dina M. Ibrahim 1,2 1 Department of Information Technology, College of Computer, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia. 2 Computers and Control Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt. ARTICLE I N F O. Keywords: Dates Fruits, Data Augmentation, DCGAN, Deep Learning, Convolution Neural Networks Type: Research Article doi: 10.22042/ISECURE.2021.13.3.0 dor: 20.1001.1.20082045.2021. 13.3.5.2 ABSTRACT Date fruits are considered essential food and the most important agricultural crop in Saudi Arabia. Where Saudi Arabia produces many types of dates per year. Collecting large data for date fruits is a difficult task and consumed time, besides some of the data types are seasonal. Wherein the convolutional neural networks (CNN) model needs large datasets to achieve high classification accuracy and avoid the overfitting problem. In this paper, an augmented date fruits dataset was developed using deep convolutional generative adversarial networks techniques (DCGAN). The dataset contains 600 images for three varieties of dates (Sukkari, Suggai, and Ajwa). The performance of DCGAN was evaluated using Keras and MobileNet models. An extensive simulation shows the classification using DCGAN with the MobileNet model achieved 88% of accuracy. Whilst 44% for the Keras. Besides, MobileNet achieved better classification in the original dataset. © 2020 ISC. All rights reserved. 1 Introduction D ate fruits are essential for human consumption. Due to the fact that dates contain critical nutri- ents and have several health benefits, they are widely consumed. In addition, date fruits are thought to be an effective preventative against a variety of ailments, including heart disease and cancer [1]. In addition to its nutritional significance, the date fruit is an im- portant agricultural product in nations throughout the Middle East and Northern Africa, and it plays a significant part in the economies of these countries. * Corresponding author. ** The ICCMIT’21 program committee effort is highly acknowledged for reviewing this paper. Email addresses: 411200285@qu.edu.sa, 411207313@qu.edu.sa, 411200322@qu.edu.sa, d.hussein@qu.edu.sa, dina.mahmoud@f-eng.tanta.edu.eg ISSN: 2008-2045 © 2020 ISC. All rights reserved. In particular, Saudi Arabia, which is considered to be the world’s third-largest producer of date fruits in 2020 and the world’s second-largest producer of date fruits in 2020, where the production of date fruits increased from 811,799 tons in 2000 to 1,884,846 tons in 2020 [2], as illustrated in Figure 1 and Figure 2. Since dates accounted for 11.7 percent of Saudi exports in 2018, this is a significant figure. It pro- duces almost 400 different types of dates, including Khalas, Sukkari, and Berhi, among others [3]. The National Center for Date Palm in Saudi Arabia [4] developed a questionnaire to indicate which types of date fruits were the most popular in the country. Ac- cording to the results of the study, which included 8518 respondents, the most popular types of dates were Sukkari, which received 69.5 percent of the vote, followed by Khalas, which received 48.4 percent, and Rutab, which received 11.1 percent. Last but not ISeCure